---
title: "Rolls (Work Rolls)"
industry: "Basic Metal Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:ROLLS_WORK_ROLLS"
  data_integrity_hash: "3d5416b8cb2e19b2bd7001e509648c3b"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:ROLLS_WORK_ROLLS"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/basic-metal-manufacturing/product/rolls-work-rolls.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/basic-metal-manufacturing/product/rolls-work-rolls"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "Contact pressure: 800-1200 MPa, Surface temperature: 150-300°C, Rotational speed: 100-600 rpm"
    unit: "mm"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 1400
    unit: "MPa"
    consequence: "Thermal fatigue from cyclic heating/cooling during rolling contact, Spalling due to subsurface shear stress exceeding material yield strength (typically 1000-1200 MPa for forged steel rolls), Surface oxidation at temperatures above 300°C accelerating wear"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Insufficient cooling water flow rate below 50 L/min per meter of roll face width"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Closed-loop cooling system with flow sensors and automatic pressure compensation to maintain 70-100 L/min flow"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Workpiece entry temperature exceeding 1250°C for carbon steel rolling"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Infrared pyrometer feedback to mill control system with automatic roll gap adjustment when temperature exceeds 1200°C"
bom_nodes:
  barrel:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:BARREL"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  neck-journal:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:NECK_JOURNAL"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  wobbler-end:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:WOBBLER_END"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 9001:2015 - QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/basic-metal-manufacturing/product/rolls-work-rolls.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "c73a6d45042b162bff6ae150b656aebebe5ff9006f8fa5a4af0ae930d7ba01a1"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Rolls (Work Rolls)

## 1. Technical Definition
The primary rotating cylinders in a rolling mill that directly contact and deform the metal workpiece.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **Contact pressure: 800-1200 MPa, Surface temperature: 150-300°C, Rotational speed: 100-600 rpm**. Failure boundary: **Hertzian contact stress exceeding 1400 MPa, Surface temperature exceeding 350°C, Surface roughness exceeding Ra 0.8 μm**, Mechanism: **Thermal fatigue from cyclic heating/cooling during rolling contact, Spalling due to subsurface shear stress exceeding material yield strength (typically 1000-1200 MPa for forged steel rolls), Surface oxidation at temperatures above 300°C accelerating wear**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **L10 Bearing Life & Fatigue Model**:

> **Primary Equation**: $L_{10} = (\frac{C}{P})^p$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Predicts mechanical lifecycle before component fatigue.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| C | Dynamic Load Rating | Engineering Constant |
| P | Equivalent Dynamic Load | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Insufficient cooling water flow rate below 50 L/min per meter of roll face width | 8 | Thermal crown development exceeding 0.15 mm/meter of roll length | Closed-loop cooling system with flow sensors and automatic pressure compensation to maintain 70-100 L/min flow |
| Workpiece entry temperature exceeding 1250°C for carbon steel rolling | 8 | Surface heat checking with crack depth propagation beyond 2 mm | Infrared pyrometer feedback to mill control system with automatic roll gap adjustment when temperature exceeds 1200°C |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | mm | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Barrel](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/barrel.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Rolling Mill Stand**, **Roll Grinding Machine**, **Roll Cooling System**  
**Downstream Applications**: Steel Sheets, Aluminum Coils, Brass Strips  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What are the main components of a work roll in a rolling mill?
**A**: Work rolls consist of three primary components: the barrel (which contacts and deforms the metal), the neck or journal (which supports the roll in bearings), and the wobbler end (which transmits torque from the drive system).

### Q: When should I choose tungsten carbide work rolls over forged steel rolls?
**A**: Tungsten carbide work rolls offer exceptional wear resistance and are ideal for high-speed rolling of hard metals or when extended service life is critical. Forged steel rolls provide better toughness for heavy reduction applications.

### Q: How does ICDP iron compare to high-speed steel for work roll materials?
**A**: ICDP (Indefinite Chill Double-Pour) iron provides excellent thermal fatigue resistance and is cost-effective for hot rolling applications. High-speed steel (HSS) offers superior hardness and wear resistance, making it suitable for both hot and cold rolling of demanding materials.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 9001:2015 - QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Rolls (Work Rolls)](https://cnfx.com/industry/basic-metal-manufacturing/product/rolls-work-rolls)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **3** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: ROLLS_WORK_ROLLS | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: debd5f12
