---
title: "Multiplexers (MUX)"
industry: "Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:MULTIPLEXERS_MUX"
  data_integrity_hash: "03d97f747032ef4b441e1a1207deec17"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:MULTIPLEXERS_MUX"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/multiplexers-mux.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/multiplexers-mux"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0-5.5 V DC input voltage range, -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature range, 0-100 MHz clock frequency range"
    unit: "bits"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 6.5
    unit: "V"
    consequence: "Electromigration in aluminum interconnects at current densities above 1×10⁶ A/cm², hot carrier injection at electric fields exceeding 3×10⁵ V/cm, latch-up triggered by substrate currents exceeding 100 mA"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Electrostatic discharge (ESD) event exceeding 2000 V HBM"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Integrated silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) clamps with 1.5 kV protection rating"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Simultaneous switching noise generating ground bounce exceeding 400 mV"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "On-die decoupling capacitors with 100 pF per switching bank and separate power domains for analog/digital sections"
bom_nodes:
  input-buffers:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:INPUT_BUFFERS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  select-decoder:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:SELECT_DECODER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  transmission-gatesswitches:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:TRANSMISSION_GATESSWITCHES"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  output-driver:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OUTPUT_DRIVER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 9001:2015 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "CE MARKING (EU DIRECTIVE 2014/35/EU LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/multiplexers-mux.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "6d8280b51a5b695339e1bafce345866fd658a774c3fb4f393aa1ed61a6d73b1e"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Multiplexers (MUX)

## 1. Technical Definition
Digital circuit that selects one of several input signals and forwards the selected input to a single output line

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0-5.5 V DC input voltage range, -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature range, 0-100 MHz clock frequency range**. Failure boundary: **Input voltage exceeding 6.5 V causes dielectric breakdown in CMOS gates, junction temperature exceeding 150°C initiates thermal runaway, clock frequency above 120 MHz induces timing violations**, Mechanism: **Electromigration in aluminum interconnects at current densities above 1×10⁶ A/cm², hot carrier injection at electric fields exceeding 3×10⁵ V/cm, latch-up triggered by substrate currents exceeding 100 mA**.

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Electrostatic discharge (ESD) event exceeding 2000 V HBM | 8 | Gate oxide rupture in input protection diodes | Integrated silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) clamps with 1.5 kV protection rating |
| Simultaneous switching noise generating ground bounce exceeding 400 mV | 8 | False logic state detection due to reduced noise margin | On-die decoupling capacitors with 100 pF per switching bank and separate power domains for analog/digital sections |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | bits | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Output Driver](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/output-driver.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **PCB Assembly Line**, **Automated Test Equipment (ATE)**, **Clean Room Environment**  
**Downstream Applications**: Network Routers, Telecommunication Switches, Data Acquisition Systems  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What are the key components in a multiplexer BOM for computer manufacturing?
**A**: Essential BOM components include Input Buffers for signal conditioning, Select Decoder for channel selection, Transmission Gates/Switches for signal routing, and Output Driver for signal amplification and integrity.

### Q: How do dielectric materials affect multiplexer performance in optical products?
**A**: Dielectric materials provide electrical insulation between copper interconnects, reducing crosstalk and signal loss. In optical applications, they help maintain signal integrity at high frequencies and minimize power consumption.

### Q: What specifications should I consider when selecting multiplexers for electronic manufacturing?
**A**: Key specs include switching speed (propagation delay), number of input channels, power consumption (voltage/current requirements), signal-to-noise ratio, operating temperature range, and package type for integration into larger systems.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 9001:2015 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
- CE MARKING (EU DIRECTIVE 2014/35/EU LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE)

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Multiplexers (MUX)](https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/multiplexers-mux)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **4** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: MULTIPLEXERS_MUX | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 1ee67069
