---
title: "Optical Coupler"
industry: "Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OPTICAL_COUPLER"
  data_integrity_hash: "6a65679d7db1955c0f975174c28dfa5a"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:OPTICAL_COUPLER"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optical-coupler.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optical-coupler"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "1.2-1.6 V forward voltage, 50-100 mA forward current, -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature"
    unit: "kV"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 150
    unit: "mA"
    consequence: "LED semiconductor junction thermal runaway at &gt;150 mA, dielectric breakdown in polyimide isolation barrier at &gt;5000 Vrms, phototransistor aging reducing photon capture efficiency"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Reverse voltage spike exceeding -5 V"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Schottky diode anti-parallel protection across LED terminals"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Ambient temperature sustained above 100°C"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Thermal derating design with heatsink mounting and 70% maximum current derating at 85°C"
bom_nodes:
  infrared-led:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:INFRARED_LED"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  phototransistor:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:PHOTOTRANSISTOR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  optical-isolation-barrier:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OPTICAL_ISOLATION_BARRIER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  lead-frame:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:LEAD_FRAME"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 9001:2015 - QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optical-coupler.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "c21f6e111aba7146ebb102e6d4eb7c56bcb209b6d27436fe5d20c3973c3af3e9"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Optical Coupler

## 1. Technical Definition
An electronic component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits using light waves.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **1.2-1.6 V forward voltage, 50-100 mA forward current, -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature**. Failure boundary: **Forward current exceeding 150 mA causes LED degradation, isolation breakdown at &gt;5000 Vrms, CTR degradation below 20%**, Mechanism: **LED semiconductor junction thermal runaway at &gt;150 mA, dielectric breakdown in polyimide isolation barrier at &gt;5000 Vrms, phototransistor aging reducing photon capture efficiency**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Rayleigh Resolution Criterion**:

> **Primary Equation**: $d = \frac{0.61 \lambda}{NA}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Defines the theoretical limit of machine vision systems.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| \lambda | Wavelength | Engineering Constant |
| NA | Numerical Aperture | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Reverse voltage spike exceeding -5 V | 8 | LED cathode-anode junction avalanche breakdown | Schottky diode anti-parallel protection across LED terminals |
| Ambient temperature sustained above 100°C | 8 | CTR degradation below 20% specification limit | Thermal derating design with heatsink mounting and 70% maximum current derating at 85°C |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | kV | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Wafer Dicing Saw**, **Die Attach Machine**, **Wire Bonder**  
**Downstream Applications**: Power Supplies, Industrial Control Systems, Medical Equipment  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What are the main applications of optical couplers in computer and electronic manufacturing?
**A**: Optical couplers provide electrical isolation in power supplies, motor controls, communication interfaces, and medical equipment where signal integrity and safety are critical.

### Q: How does the Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) material affect optical coupler performance?
**A**: GaAs enables efficient infrared light emission in the LED component, offering faster response times, higher temperature stability, and better reliability compared to traditional materials.

### Q: What advantages does the ceramic substrate provide in optical coupler construction?
**A**: Ceramic substrates offer excellent thermal conductivity, electrical insulation, and mechanical stability, ensuring consistent performance in demanding industrial environments.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 9001:2015 - QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Optical Coupler](https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optical-coupler)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **4** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: OPTICAL_COUPLER | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: dc747173
