---
title: "Optocoupler"
industry: "Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OPTOCOUPLER"
  data_integrity_hash: "997f975d4e4844fe626e9d723d355047"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:OPTOCOUPLER"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optocoupler.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optocoupler"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "1.2-5.0 V forward voltage, 0.1-50 mA forward current, -40°C to +100°C ambient temperature"
    unit: "V"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 150
    unit: "°C"
    consequence: "LED quantum efficiency degradation due to non-radiative recombination centers, phototransistor gain reduction from carrier lifetime degradation, insulation failure from dielectric polarization under high electric fields"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Forward current exceeding 60 mA continuous rating"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Current-limiting resistor sized for 80% of maximum forward current rating with 20% safety margin"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Ambient temperature exceeding 125°C for 1000 hours"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Thermal management with heatsink maintaining junction temperature below 110°C at maximum ambient"
bom_nodes:
  infrared-led:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:INFRARED_LED"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  phototransistorphotodiode:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:PHOTOTRANSISTORPHOTODIODE"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  optical-channel:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OPTICAL_CHANNEL"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 9001:2015 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optocoupler.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "3c2cebc2f28469362456d3af1f963cb65c28e908a239fa458fd9a5d39f0ad6f5"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Optocoupler

## 1. Technical Definition
An electronic component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits using light waves

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **1.2-5.0 V forward voltage, 0.1-50 mA forward current, -40°C to +100°C ambient temperature**. Failure boundary: **LED degradation at 150°C junction temperature, phototransistor saturation at 10 mA collector current, insulation breakdown at 5 kV DC isolation voltage**, Mechanism: **LED quantum efficiency degradation due to non-radiative recombination centers, phototransistor gain reduction from carrier lifetime degradation, insulation failure from dielectric polarization under high electric fields**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Joule Heating & Thermal Resistance**:

> **Primary Equation**: $P = I^2 R = \frac{V^2}{R}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Governs heating element sizing for shrink tunnels/sealers.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| I | Current | Engineering Constant |
| R | Resistance | Engineering Constant |
| V | Voltage | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Forward current exceeding 60 mA continuous rating | 8 | LED catastrophic optical output degradation below 10% initial intensity | Current-limiting resistor sized for 80% of maximum forward current rating with 20% safety margin |
| Ambient temperature exceeding 125°C for 1000 hours | 8 | Current transfer ratio degradation below 20% of initial value | Thermal management with heatsink maintaining junction temperature below 110°C at maximum ambient |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | V | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Optical Channel](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optical-channel.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Wafer Fabrication System**, **Die Attach Machine**, **Wire Bonding Machine**  
**Downstream Applications**: Power Supplies, Industrial Control Systems, Medical Equipment  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What are the main applications of optocouplers in computer and electronic manufacturing?
**A**: Optocouplers are essential for isolating high-voltage and low-voltage circuits, preventing noise interference in computer systems, protecting microcontrollers in industrial electronics, and ensuring safety in power supply designs.

### Q: Why are Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) and Silicon (Si) used in optocoupler construction?
**A**: GaAs is ideal for infrared LEDs due to its efficient light emission properties, while Silicon is used for phototransistors/photodiodes because of its excellent light sensitivity and semiconductor characteristics, together providing reliable signal transfer.

### Q: How does the optical channel in an optocoupler ensure electrical isolation?
**A**: The optical channel uses light waves to transfer signals between the infrared LED and phototransistor/photodiode, creating a physical barrier that prevents electrical current flow, achieving isolation voltages typically ranging from 2.5kV to 10kV.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 9001:2015 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

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### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Optocoupler](https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/optocoupler)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **3** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: OPTOCOUPLER | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: b7894cf6
