---
title: "Phase-Frequency Detector (PFD)"
industry: "Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:PHASE_FREQUENCY_DETECTOR_PFD"
  data_integrity_hash: "f843643cb9b402ee92f1df59e86252d7"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:PHASE_FREQUENCY_DETECTOR_PFD"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/phase-frequency-detector-pfd.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/phase-frequency-detector-pfd"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0.1-3.3 V input signal amplitude, 1 MHz-2.4 GHz frequency range, -40°C to 125°C ambient temperature"
    unit: "Hz"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 1000
    unit: "radians"
    consequence: "Charge pump current mismatch exceeding 1% due to MOSFET threshold voltage variation (ΔVth &gt; 25 mV), causing phase offset accumulation; thermal noise floor exceeding -174 dBm/Hz at 300 K, degrading signal-to-noise ratio below 20 dB"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Electrostatic discharge (ESD) event exceeding 2 kV HBM on input pins"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Integrated silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) ESD protection with 5 kV HBM rating, placed within 50 μm of input pads"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Power supply ripple at 100 kHz-10 MHz exceeding 50 mVpp on 3.3 V rail"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "On-die low-dropout regulator with 80 dB PSRR at 1 MHz, using 10 pF decoupling capacitor within 100 μm of charge pump"
bom_nodes:
  d-type-flip-flops:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:D_TYPE_FLIP_FLOPS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  and-gate-reset-logic:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:AND_GATE_RESET_LOGIC"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  output-driversbuffers:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OUTPUT_DRIVERSBUFFERS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/phase-frequency-detector-pfd.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "f8b88644c31fb9422f5d281d197b7245b5d6d77aaa7043c810feaee38725ddf8"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Phase-Frequency Detector (PFD)

## 1. Technical Definition
A circuit that compares the phase and frequency of two input signals and generates an output signal proportional to their difference.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0.1-3.3 V input signal amplitude, 1 MHz-2.4 GHz frequency range, -40°C to 125°C ambient temperature**. Failure boundary: **Dead zone &gt; 2π/1000 radians phase error, input frequency mismatch &gt; 10% of reference frequency, supply voltage deviation &gt; ±5% from 3.3 V nominal**, Mechanism: **Charge pump current mismatch exceeding 1% due to MOSFET threshold voltage variation (ΔVth &gt; 25 mV), causing phase offset accumulation; thermal noise floor exceeding -174 dBm/Hz at 300 K, degrading signal-to-noise ratio below 20 dB**.

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Electrostatic discharge (ESD) event exceeding 2 kV HBM on input pins | 8 | Gate oxide breakdown in CMOS comparators, creating permanent short circuit between input and supply rails | Integrated silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) ESD protection with 5 kV HBM rating, placed within 50 μm of input pads |
| Power supply ripple at 100 kHz-10 MHz exceeding 50 mVpp on 3.3 V rail | 8 | Charge pump current mirror mismatch variation &gt; 5%, causing reference spur generation at -30 dBc | On-die low-dropout regulator with 80 dB PSRR at 1 MHz, using 10 pF decoupling capacitor within 100 μm of charge pump |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | Hz | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [D-Type Flip-Flops](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/d-type-flip-flops.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Semiconductor Wafer Prober**, **Wire Bonding Machine**, **Automatic Test Equipment (ATE)**  
**Downstream Applications**: Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) Circuits, Frequency Synthesizers, Clock Recovery Circuits  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What is the primary function of a Phase-Frequency Detector (PFD) in electronic systems?
**A**: A PFD compares the phase and frequency of two input signals and generates an output signal proportional to their difference, essential for synchronization in applications like clock recovery, frequency synthesis, and communication systems.

### Q: What materials and components are used in this PFD?
**A**: This PFD is built on silicon semiconductor material and includes a Bill of Materials (BOM) with an AND gate for reset logic, D-type flip-flops for signal processing, and output drivers/buffers for signal integrity.

### Q: How does this PFD benefit computer and optical product manufacturing?
**A**: It ensures precise timing and frequency alignment in devices such as processors, data transmission systems, and optical sensors, improving performance, reliability, and efficiency in manufacturing processes.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance

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### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Phase-Frequency Detector (PFD)](https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/phase-frequency-detector-pfd)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **3** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: PHASE_FREQUENCY_DETECTOR_PFD | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 76720506
