---
title: "Random Number Generator"
industry: "Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:RANDOM_NUMBER_GENERATOR"
  data_integrity_hash: "d98a6caef331bfe40e974be65d953194"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:RANDOM_NUMBER_GENERATOR"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/random-number-generator.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/random-number-generator"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "1.8-3.3 V DC, 0-85°C ambient temperature, 0-95% relative humidity (non-condensing)"
    unit: "bits/second"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 1
    unit: "pA"
    consequence: "Quantum mechanical tunneling through silicon dioxide barrier at 3.2 eV bandgap, or Johnson-Nyquist noise exceeding Shannon entropy limit at 1.44×10^-23 J/K Boltzmann constant"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Alpha particle strike depositing 5 MeV energy in 10 μm³ silicon volume"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Triple modular redundancy with 2-out-of-3 voting logic and 100 μm epitaxial layer shielding"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Power supply ripple exceeding 50 mVpp at 100 kHz switching frequency"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Low-dropout regulator with 0.1% line regulation and 10 pF feedforward capacitor compensation"
bom_nodes:
  entropy-source:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:ENTROPY_SOURCE"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  amplifier-circuit:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:AMPLIFIER_CIRCUIT"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  analog-to-digital-converter:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:ANALOG_TO_DIGITAL_CONVERTER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  post-processing-logic:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:POST_PROCESSING_LOGIC"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  output-buffer:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OUTPUT_BUFFER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO/IEC 19790:2012 - SECURITY REQUIREMENTS FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC MODULES"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "ANSI X9.82-1:2006 - RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "DIN 66291:1992 - RANDOM NUMBER GENERATORS FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC APPLICATIONS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/random-number-generator.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "6b602da53afcb9620cf479f17c91279ef416e88242dbd310159a37c986eb0d62"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Random Number Generator

## 1. Technical Definition
A hardware component within a cryptographic processor that generates unpredictable numerical sequences for security applications.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **1.8-3.3 V DC, 0-85°C ambient temperature, 0-95% relative humidity (non-condensing)**. Failure boundary: **Quantum tunneling current exceeding 1 pA at 1.2 V junction potential, or thermal noise floor rising above -174 dBm/Hz at 300K**, Mechanism: **Quantum mechanical tunneling through silicon dioxide barrier at 3.2 eV bandgap, or Johnson-Nyquist noise exceeding Shannon entropy limit at 1.44×10^-23 J/K Boltzmann constant**.

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Alpha particle strike depositing 5 MeV energy in 10 μm³ silicon volume | 8 | Single-event upset causing bit-flip in linear feedback shift register state | Triple modular redundancy with 2-out-of-3 voting logic and 100 μm epitaxial layer shielding |
| Power supply ripple exceeding 50 mVpp at 100 kHz switching frequency | 8 | Phase-locked loop desynchronization producing correlated output sequences | Low-dropout regulator with 0.1% line regulation and 10 pF feedforward capacitor compensation |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | bits/second | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Entropy Source](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/entropy-source.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Amplifier Circuit](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/amplifier-circuit.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Analog-to-Digital Converter](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/analog-to-digital-converter.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Post-Processing Logic](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/post-processing-logic.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Output Buffer](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/output-buffer.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Thermal Management System**, **Clean Room Environment**, **Precision Power Supply**  
**Downstream Applications**: Hardware Security Modules, Secure Communication Devices, Cryptographic Smart Cards  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What makes this hardware random number generator suitable for cryptographic applications?
**A**: It uses physical entropy sources like semiconductor noise to generate truly unpredictable sequences, unlike software RNGs, ensuring robust security for encryption keys and authentication protocols.

### Q: How does the entropy source in this RNG component work?
**A**: The entropy source leverages quantum effects or thermal noise in semiconductor silicon to produce random analog signals, which are then amplified and digitized to create secure numerical outputs.

### Q: What industries typically integrate this type of hardware RNG?
**A**: It's used in computer and electronic manufacturing for devices requiring high security, such as cryptographic processors, secure communication systems, financial transaction hardware, and government/military equipment.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO/IEC 19790:2012 - SECURITY REQUIREMENTS FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC MODULES
- ANSI X9.82-1:2006 - RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION
- DIN 66291:1992 - RANDOM NUMBER GENERATORS FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC APPLICATIONS

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Random Number Generator](https://cnfx.com/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/random-number-generator)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **5** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: RANDOM_NUMBER_GENERATOR | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: ff3c7500
