---
title: "Charging Controller"
industry: "Electrical Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:CHARGING_CONTROLLER"
  data_integrity_hash: "4a46d301c5ef45c8a11cd9c91a5713a0"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:CHARGING_CONTROLLER"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/charging-controller.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/charging-controller"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "4.0-16.0 VDC input, 0-100 A output current, -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature"
    unit: "A"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 18.0
    unit: "VDC"
    consequence: "Semiconductor thermal runaway due to excessive power dissipation (P_loss = I²R + V_drop×I), dielectric breakdown in MOSFET gate oxide at &gt;20 VGS"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Input voltage transient exceeding 100 V/μs slew rate"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "TVS diode array with 5 ns response time, ferrite bead filtering on input lines"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Ambient temperature &gt;85°C with &gt;80% rated load current"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Forced air cooling with 2.5 m/s minimum airflow, thermal interface material with &lt;0.5°C/W resistance"
bom_nodes:
  microcontroller:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:MICROCONTROLLER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  current-sensor:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:CURRENT_SENSOR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  power-mosfets:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:POWER_MOSFETS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  voltage-regulator:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:VOLTAGE_REGULATOR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 9001:2015 - QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "IEC 62133-2:2017 - SAFETY OF SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/charging-controller.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "e519be21e49707db5d5f58114af4b0718de9f79c9aa80f93bea0fcd070837020"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Charging Controller

## 1. Technical Definition
Electronic device that regulates and manages the charging process within a charging circuit

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **4.0-16.0 VDC input, 0-100 A output current, -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature**. Failure boundary: **Input voltage exceeds 18.0 VDC for &gt;10 ms, junction temperature &gt;150°C, output current &gt;120 A continuous**, Mechanism: **Semiconductor thermal runaway due to excessive power dissipation (P_loss = I²R + V_drop×I), dielectric breakdown in MOSFET gate oxide at &gt;20 VGS**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Joule Heating & Thermal Resistance**:

> **Primary Equation**: $P = I^2 R = \frac{V^2}{R}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Governs heating element sizing for shrink tunnels/sealers.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| I | Current | Engineering Constant |
| R | Resistance | Engineering Constant |
| V | Voltage | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Input voltage transient exceeding 100 V/μs slew rate | 8 | Gate oxide breakdown in power MOSFETs causing permanent short circuit | TVS diode array with 5 ns response time, ferrite bead filtering on input lines |
| Ambient temperature &gt;85°C with &gt;80% rated load current | 8 | Thermal shutdown activation followed by latch-up failure at 150°C junction temperature | Forced air cooling with 2.5 m/s minimum airflow, thermal interface material with &lt;0.5°C/W resistance |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | A | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Current Sensor](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/current-sensor.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Voltage Regulator](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/voltage-regulator.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Power Supply Unit**, **Test and Calibration Equipment**, **Environmental Test Chamber**  
**Downstream Applications**: Electric Vehicle Charging Stations, Portable Power Banks, Solar Energy Storage Systems  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What components are essential in a charging controller's BOM?
**A**: Key BOM components include current sensors for monitoring, microcontrollers for processing, power MOSFETs for switching, and voltage regulators for stable output.

### Q: How does a charging controller manage the charging process?
**A**: It regulates voltage and current flow using semiconductors and microcontrollers to ensure safe, efficient charging while protecting batteries and circuits.

### Q: What materials ensure durability in charging controllers?
**A**: Durable materials include PCB for circuitry, copper conductors for conductivity, semiconductors for control, and plastic housing for protection.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 9001:2015 - QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
- IEC 62133-2:2017 - SAFETY OF SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Charging Controller](https://cnfx.com/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/charging-controller)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **4** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: CHARGING_CONTROLLER | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 33c4d261
