---
title: "Main Transformer"
industry: "Electrical Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:MAIN_TRANSFORMER"
  data_integrity_hash: "c0f7a8cfb00c2cf6a51b54f8a26bd4cd"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:MAIN_TRANSFORMER"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/main-transformer.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/main-transformer"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0.95-1.05 per unit (pu) of rated voltage, 40-120°C winding temperature, 85-95% efficiency at 75-100% load"
    unit: "kVA"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 25
    unit: "kV"
    consequence: "Dielectric breakdown due to partial discharge at &gt;3 pC discharge magnitude, thermal aging following Arrhenius law with activation energy 0.8 eV, magnetostrictive vibration at 120 Hz causing mechanical fatigue"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Overvoltage transient exceeding 1.5 pu for &gt;10 ms"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Metal-oxide varistor bank with 1.2 pu clamping voltage and 40 kA surge rating"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Cooling system failure reducing oil flow below 0.3 m/s"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Redundant forced-oil cooling with dual pumps and ΔT&gt;15°C alarm at 110°C"
bom_nodes:
  core:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:CORE"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  primary-winding:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:PRIMARY_WINDING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  secondary-winding:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:SECONDARY_WINDING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  insulation:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:INSULATION"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  terminal-board:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:TERMINAL_BOARD"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/main-transformer.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "595f8441e3dc95f66756c87a7fdec32a2e55812fb305f68d0050dff0a79dfa67"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Main Transformer

## 1. Technical Definition
The primary voltage transformation component in a rectifier power supply system that steps down or steps up AC voltage to the required level before rectification.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0.95-1.05 per unit (pu) of rated voltage, 40-120°C winding temperature, 85-95% efficiency at 75-100% load**. Failure boundary: **Insulation breakdown at 25 kV/mm electric field strength, core saturation at 1.8 T magnetic flux density, 150°C hotspot temperature**, Mechanism: **Dielectric breakdown due to partial discharge at &gt;3 pC discharge magnitude, thermal aging following Arrhenius law with activation energy 0.8 eV, magnetostrictive vibration at 120 Hz causing mechanical fatigue**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Joule Heating & Thermal Resistance**:

> **Primary Equation**: $P = I^2 R = \frac{V^2}{R}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Governs heating element sizing for shrink tunnels/sealers.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| I | Current | Engineering Constant |
| R | Resistance | Engineering Constant |
| V | Voltage | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Overvoltage transient exceeding 1.5 pu for &gt;10 ms | 8 | Inter-turn insulation puncture leading to short-circuit current &gt;10× rated | Metal-oxide varistor bank with 1.2 pu clamping voltage and 40 kA surge rating |
| Cooling system failure reducing oil flow below 0.3 m/s | 8 | Winding hotspot temperature rise &gt;2°C/min exceeding 150°C limit | Redundant forced-oil cooling with dual pumps and ΔT&gt;15°C alarm at 110°C |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | kVA | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Rectifier Unit**, **Cooling System**, **Voltage Regulator**  
**Downstream Applications**: DC Power Supply, Battery Charger, Electroplating System  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What is the primary function of a main transformer in rectifier power supplies?
**A**: The main transformer steps down or steps up AC voltage to the required level before rectification, ensuring proper voltage input for the rectifier circuit in power supply systems.

### Q: What materials are used in constructing a main transformer?
**A**: Key materials include electrical steel (silicon steel) laminations for the core, enamelled copper wire for windings, insulating materials like paper or epoxy, and a structural steel or aluminum frame.

### Q: How does the transformer core material affect performance?
**A**: Electrical steel laminations minimize eddy current losses and hysteresis, improving efficiency by reducing heat generation and energy waste during voltage transformation.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance

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### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Main Transformer](https://cnfx.com/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/main-transformer)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **5** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: MAIN_TRANSFORMER | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 71af4352
