---
title: "Power Supply Unit (PSU)"
industry: "Electrical Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:POWER_SUPPLY_UNIT_PSU"
  data_integrity_hash: "90f659122b6f8a26b9b4bdf01b0b4eab"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:POWER_SUPPLY_UNIT_PSU"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/power-supply-unit-psu.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/power-supply-unit-psu"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "85-264 VAC input, 47-63 Hz frequency, 0-40°C ambient temperature, 85% maximum relative humidity (non-condensing)"
    unit: "W"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 85
    unit: "VAC"
    consequence: "Electrolytic capacitor electrolyte evaporation at temperatures above 105°C rated temperature; MOSFET thermal runaway when junction temperature exceeds 150°C; transformer core saturation at input frequencies below 47 Hz"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Input voltage transient exceeding 4000 V per IEC 61000-4-5 surge immunity standard"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Metal oxide varistor (MOV) with 275 VAC rating and 40 kA surge current capability placed before input rectifier bridge"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Electrolytic capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR) increase from 0.1 Ω to 0.5 Ω due to 10,000 hours operation at 45°C"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Polymer aluminum capacitors with 5000-hour lifespan at 105°C replacing electrolytic capacitors in output filtering stage"
bom_nodes:
  transformer:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:TRANSFORMER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  rectifier-circuit:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:RECTIFIER_CIRCUIT"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  filter-capacitors:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:FILTER_CAPACITORS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  voltage-regulator:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:VOLTAGE_REGULATOR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  heat-sink:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:HEAT_SINK"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  protection-circuitry:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:PROTECTION_CIRCUITRY"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/power-supply-unit-psu.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "3fe65cdceeedb2c676d89df14d5523fa0bd806f9a1427e16160378250f0771f2"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Power Supply Unit (PSU)

## 1. Technical Definition
A device that converts AC mains power to regulated DC voltages required by control panel and PLC components.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **85-264 VAC input, 47-63 Hz frequency, 0-40°C ambient temperature, 85% maximum relative humidity (non-condensing)**. Failure boundary: **Input voltage below 85 VAC causes undervoltage lockout; above 264 VAC causes overvoltage protection trip; ambient temperature exceeding 40°C reduces MTBF by Arrhenius equation with activation energy of 0.7 eV**, Mechanism: **Electrolytic capacitor electrolyte evaporation at temperatures above 105°C rated temperature; MOSFET thermal runaway when junction temperature exceeds 150°C; transformer core saturation at input frequencies below 47 Hz**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Joule Heating & Thermal Resistance**:

> **Primary Equation**: $P = I^2 R = \frac{V^2}{R}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Governs heating element sizing for shrink tunnels/sealers.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| I | Current | Engineering Constant |
| R | Resistance | Engineering Constant |
| V | Voltage | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Input voltage transient exceeding 4000 V per IEC 61000-4-5 surge immunity standard | 8 | Primary MOSFET avalanche breakdown with drain-source voltage exceeding 650 V rating | Metal oxide varistor (MOV) with 275 VAC rating and 40 kA surge current capability placed before input rectifier bridge |
| Electrolytic capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR) increase from 0.1 Ω to 0.5 Ω due to 10,000 hours operation at 45°C | 8 | Output voltage ripple exceeding 120 mVpp from 50 mVpp specification, causing PLC input signal errors | Polymer aluminum capacitors with 5000-hour lifespan at 105°C replacing electrolytic capacitors in output filtering stage |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | W | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Transformer](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/transformer.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Rectifier Circuit](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/rectifier-circuit.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Voltage Regulator](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/voltage-regulator.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Protection Circuitry](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/protection-circuitry.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Automatic Test Equipment (ATE)**, **Wave Soldering Machine**, **Conformal Coating System**  
**Downstream Applications**: Industrial Control Panel, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) System, Automation Equipment  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What are the key protection features of this industrial PSU?
**A**: This PSU includes over-voltage protection, short-circuit protection, and thermal protection to ensure safe operation and prevent damage to connected PLC and control panel components.

### Q: How does the voltage regulation work in this power supply unit?
**A**: The voltage regulator maintains stable DC output despite input fluctuations, using filtering capacitors and regulation circuitry to provide consistent power to sensitive industrial equipment.

### Q: What makes this PSU suitable for harsh industrial environments?
**A**: With its aluminum/steel enclosure, efficient heat sink design, and robust PCB construction, this PSU withstands vibration, temperature variations, and electrical noise common in manufacturing settings.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance

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### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Power Supply Unit (PSU)](https://cnfx.com/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/power-supply-unit-psu)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **6** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: POWER_SUPPLY_UNIT_PSU | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 0d76c8b6
