---
title: "Liming Vat"
industry: "Leather and Related Product Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:LIMING_VAT"
  data_integrity_hash: "254bc57fa710cc9a7be8e268a55c4182"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:LIMING_VAT"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/leather-and-related-product-manufacturing/product/liming-vat.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/leather-and-related-product-manufacturing/product/liming-vat"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0.8-1.2 bar (gauge pressure), 25-35°C, pH 12.0-12.5"
    unit: "L"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 1.5
    unit: "bar"
    consequence: "Caustic corrosion of stainless steel 316L at pH &gt; 12.3, mechanical fatigue from cyclic pressure loading at 0.1-1.2 bar, lime scale deposition reducing heat transfer coefficient below 500 W/m²·K"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Lime slurry concentration &gt; 15% w/w causing abrasive wear"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Hardened AISI 440C stainless steel impeller with 60 HRC hardness, maximum 10% w/w lime concentration control"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Thermal cycling between 25-45°C at &gt;3 cycles/hour"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Stress-relieved welds with post-weld heat treatment at 1050°C, temperature stabilization within ±2°C"
bom_nodes:
  agitation-system:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:AGITATION_SYSTEM"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  heatingcooling-jacket:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:HEATINGCOOLING_JACKET"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  drain-valve:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:DRAIN_VALVE"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  liquid-level-sensor:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:LIQUID_LEVEL_SENSOR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 9001:2015 - QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "CE MARKING - DIRECTIVE 2006/42/EC (MACHINERY DIRECTIVE)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/leather-and-related-product-manufacturing/product/liming-vat.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "59387d488d4b8cb9916dfeb377cb0c4f974f6792faeb0cf5ad011a9575cf9899"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Liming Vat

## 1. Technical Definition
A specialized vessel used in leather processing for the liming operation, where hides are treated with lime solutions to remove hair, epidermis, and fats while swelling the collagen fibers.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0.8-1.2 bar (gauge pressure), 25-35°C, pH 12.0-12.5**. Failure boundary: **Pressure &gt; 1.5 bar causes seal failure, temperature &gt; 45°C accelerates lime hydrolysis, pH &lt; 11.5 reduces hair removal efficiency by 70%**, Mechanism: **Caustic corrosion of stainless steel 316L at pH &gt; 12.3, mechanical fatigue from cyclic pressure loading at 0.1-1.2 bar, lime scale deposition reducing heat transfer coefficient below 500 W/m²·K**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Hansen Solubility Distance (HSP)**:

> **Primary Equation**: $R_a = \sqrt{4\Delta\delta_d^2 + \Delta\delta_p^2 + \Delta\delta_h^2}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Predicts seal/gasket swelling when exposed to CIP chemicals.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| \delta_d | Dispersive | Engineering Constant |
| \delta_p | Polar | Engineering Constant |
| \delta_h | Hydrogen | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Lime slurry concentration &gt; 15% w/w causing abrasive wear | 8 | Impeller erosion reducing pumping efficiency by 40% | Hardened AISI 440C stainless steel impeller with 60 HRC hardness, maximum 10% w/w lime concentration control |
| Thermal cycling between 25-45°C at &gt;3 cycles/hour | 8 | Weld fatigue cracking at agitator mounting points | Stress-relieved welds with post-weld heat treatment at 1050°C, temperature stabilization within ±2°C |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | L | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Agitation System](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/food-manufacturing/product/agitation-system.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Heating/Cooling Jacket](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/chemical-manufacturing/product/heatingcooling-jacket.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Drain Valve](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/rubber-and-plastic-product-manufacturing/product/drain-valve.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Liquid Level Sensor](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/liquid-level-sensor.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Lime Slurry Mixing System**, **Hide Loading/Unloading Crane**, **Wastewater Treatment System**  
**Downstream Applications**: Vegetable-Tanned Leather, Chrome-Tanned Leather, Semi-Finished Crust Leather  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What materials are best for a liming vat in leather manufacturing?
**A**: Stainless Steel 316L offers corrosion resistance for harsh chemicals, Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic provides durability at lower cost, and Rubber Lining protects against abrasion and chemical attack.

### Q: How does the agitation system improve the liming process?
**A**: The agitation system ensures uniform exposure of hides to lime solutions, preventing settling and promoting consistent hair removal, fat breakdown, and collagen swelling throughout the batch.

### Q: Why include a heating/cooling jacket in a liming vat?
**A**: Temperature control optimizes chemical reactions: heating accelerates liming for efficiency, while cooling maintains process stability and prevents overheating that could damage collagen fibers.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 9001:2015 - QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
- CE MARKING - DIRECTIVE 2006/42/EC (MACHINERY DIRECTIVE)

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Liming Vat](https://cnfx.com/industry/leather-and-related-product-manufacturing/product/liming-vat)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **4** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: LIMING_VAT | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 3dfc1133
