---
title: "Bearing"
industry: "Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:BEARING"
  data_integrity_hash: "770dd8eb892a5d1b871ce38a11358fda"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:BEARING"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/bearing.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/bearing"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0-15000 rpm rotational speed, -40°C to 150°C temperature, 0.1-100 kN radial load"
    unit: "mm"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 4.2
    unit: "GPa"
    consequence: "Hertzian contact stress causing subsurface fatigue spalling, thermal expansion differentials exceeding 11 μm/m·K mismatch, lubricant film thickness falling below 0.1 μm (λ ratio &lt;1)"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Contaminant particle ingress exceeding 15 μm diameter"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Integral sealing with labyrinth design maintaining 0.05 MPa positive pressure differential"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Lubricant starvation for &gt;30 seconds at &gt;5000 rpm"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Forced oil circulation system with 0.3 L/min flow rate and &lt;5 μm filtration"
bom_nodes:
  inner-ring:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:INNER_RING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  outer-ring:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OUTER_RING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  rolling-elements:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:ROLLING_ELEMENTS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  cageretainer:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:CAGERETAINER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  sealsshields:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:SEALSSHIELDS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 15:2011 (ROLLING BEARINGS - RADIAL BEARINGS - BOUNDARY DIMENSIONS, GENERAL PLAN)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/bearing.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "ec6159658735db792ebeca1b797cf38fed6e4cf37a17bb4a892ef4627b61487b"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Bearing

## 1. Technical Definition
A mechanical component that supports rotational or linear movement while reducing friction between moving parts.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0-15000 rpm rotational speed, -40°C to 150°C temperature, 0.1-100 kN radial load**. Failure boundary: **Contact stress exceeds 4.2 GPa (yield strength of AISI 52100 steel), temperature surpasses 150°C (lubricant breakdown), or vibration amplitude exceeds 7.1 mm/s RMS**, Mechanism: **Hertzian contact stress causing subsurface fatigue spalling, thermal expansion differentials exceeding 11 μm/m·K mismatch, lubricant film thickness falling below 0.1 μm (λ ratio &lt;1)**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **L10 Bearing Life & Fatigue Model**:

> **Primary Equation**: $L_{10} = (\frac{C}{P})^p$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Predicts mechanical lifecycle before component fatigue.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| C | Dynamic Load Rating | Engineering Constant |
| P | Equivalent Dynamic Load | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Contaminant particle ingress exceeding 15 μm diameter | 8 | Surface indentation leading to premature fatigue spalling | Integral sealing with labyrinth design maintaining 0.05 MPa positive pressure differential |
| Lubricant starvation for &gt;30 seconds at &gt;5000 rpm | 8 | Boundary lubrication transition causing adhesive wear and seizure | Forced oil circulation system with 0.3 L/min flow rate and &lt;5 μm filtration |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | mm | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **CNC Grinding Machine**, **Heat Treatment Furnace**, **Bearing Assembly Press**  
**Downstream Applications**: Electric Motors, Automotive Transmissions, Industrial Gearboxes  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What are the main components in a bearing's BOM?
**A**: A bearing's Bill of Materials typically includes the cage/retainer, inner ring, outer ring, rolling elements (like balls or rollers), and seals or shields for protection.

### Q: When should I choose ceramic bearings over steel?
**A**: Ceramic bearings are ideal for high-speed, high-temperature, or corrosive environments where steel bearings might fail. They offer lower friction, longer life, and better performance in extreme conditions.

### Q: How do bearings reduce friction in machinery?
**A**: Bearings use rolling elements (balls or rollers) between inner and outer rings to replace sliding friction with rolling friction, significantly reducing wear and energy loss in moving parts.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 15:2011 (ROLLING BEARINGS - RADIAL BEARINGS - BOUNDARY DIMENSIONS, GENERAL PLAN)

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Bearing](https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/bearing)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **5** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: BEARING | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: a27a4405
