---
title: "Gear Train (Spur/Helical/Planetary)"
industry: "Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:GEAR_TRAIN_SPURHELICALPLANETARY"
  data_integrity_hash: "b4eb57732b52d53fce982a48718481eb"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:GEAR_TRAIN_SPURHELICALPLANETARY"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/gear-train-spurhelicalplanetary.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/gear-train-spurhelicalplanetary"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0.5-200 N·m torque, 100-6000 RPM input speed, 0.1-50 kW power transmission"
    unit: "mm"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 300
    unit: "MPa"
    consequence: "Hertzian contact fatigue (pitting) from cyclic subsurface shear stress exceeding material endurance limit, bending fatigue from root stress concentration exceeding yield strength"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Misalignment exceeding 0.05 mm/mm or angular error &gt;0.1°"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Precision ground shafts with &lt;0.02 mm runout, rigid housing with alignment dowels, laser alignment during assembly"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Insufficient lubrication film thickness (λ&lt;1) at operating temperature"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Forced lubrication system with ISO VG 320 oil, minimum 0.1 mm³/s flow per tooth mesh, oil temperature maintained at 40-60°C"
bom_nodes:
  spur-gear:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:SPUR_GEAR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  helical-gear:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:HELICAL_GEAR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  planetary-gear-set:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:PLANETARY_GEAR_SET"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  shaft:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:SHAFT"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  bearing:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:BEARING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 1328-1:2013 (CYLINDRICAL GEARS - ISO SYSTEM OF FLANK TOLERANCE CLASSIFICATION)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88 (GEAR CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION HANDBOOK)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/gear-train-spurhelicalplanetary.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "c5a1a1124919631eee238ba71ed5f2667e3b627a1ce7ec57285edadde433880e"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Gear Train (Spur/Helical/Planetary)

## 1. Technical Definition
A mechanical assembly of multiple gears that transmits and modifies torque and speed from a motor to an output shaft.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0.5-200 N·m torque, 100-6000 RPM input speed, 0.1-50 kW power transmission**. Failure boundary: **Tooth bending stress exceeds 300 MPa (AGMA Grade 2 steel) or surface contact stress exceeds 1500 MPa, operating temperature exceeds 150°C for lubricated steel gears**, Mechanism: **Hertzian contact fatigue (pitting) from cyclic subsurface shear stress exceeding material endurance limit, bending fatigue from root stress concentration exceeding yield strength**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **L10 Bearing Life & Fatigue Model**:

> **Primary Equation**: $L_{10} = (\frac{C}{P})^p$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Predicts mechanical lifecycle before component fatigue.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| C | Dynamic Load Rating | Engineering Constant |
| P | Equivalent Dynamic Load | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Misalignment exceeding 0.05 mm/mm or angular error &gt;0.1° | 8 | Uneven tooth loading causing localized pitting and accelerated wear | Precision ground shafts with &lt;0.02 mm runout, rigid housing with alignment dowels, laser alignment during assembly |
| Insufficient lubrication film thickness (λ&lt;1) at operating temperature | 8 | Boundary lubrication leading to adhesive wear and scuffing | Forced lubrication system with ISO VG 320 oil, minimum 0.1 mm³/s flow per tooth mesh, oil temperature maintained at 40-60°C |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | mm | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Planetary Gear Set](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/planetary-gear-set.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Bearing](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/bearing.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Industrial Gearbox**, **Variable Frequency Drive**, **Lubrication System**  
**Downstream Applications**: Conveyor Systems, Industrial Mixers, Packaging Machinery  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What are the main differences between spur, helical, and planetary gear trains?
**A**: Spur gears are simple and cost-effective for parallel shafts, helical gears offer smoother operation and higher load capacity with angled teeth, while planetary gear sets provide compact high torque transmission with multiple gear meshes in a single assembly.

### Q: Which material is best for heavy-duty industrial gear trains?
**A**: Case-hardened steel provides optimal durability for high-torque applications, alloy steel offers excellent strength-to-weight ratio, and cast iron is economical for moderate loads where vibration damping is beneficial.

### Q: How do I determine the right gear train configuration for my machinery?
**A**: Consider torque requirements, speed ratios, space constraints, noise limitations, and operational environment. Spur gears suit simple transmissions, helical gears for smooth high-speed applications, and planetary sets for compact high-torque solutions.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 1328-1:2013 (CYLINDRICAL GEARS - ISO SYSTEM OF FLANK TOLERANCE CLASSIFICATION)
- ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88 (GEAR CLASSIFICATION AND INSPECTION HANDBOOK)

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Gear Train (Spur/Helical/Planetary)](https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/gear-train-spurhelicalplanetary)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **5** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: GEAR_TRAIN_SPURHELICALPLANETARY | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: a1ae41a6
