---
title: "Linear rail/guide"
industry: "Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:LINEAR_RAILGUIDE"
  data_integrity_hash: "687b455bbbe8efefaef7909ee868c9c5"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:LINEAR_RAILGUIDE"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/linear-railguide.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/linear-railguide"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0.1-100 m/s linear velocity, -20°C to 80°C ambient temperature, 0.5-50 kN load capacity"
    unit: "mm"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 1.5
    unit: "GPa"
    consequence: "Hertzian contact fatigue exceeding material yield strength (σ_y = 1.2 GPa for hardened steel), boundary lubrication failure at Stribeck curve transition (λ &lt; 1), thermal expansion mismatch (α_steel = 11×10^-6/°C vs α_aluminum = 23×10^-6/°C)"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Contaminant ingress (ISO 4406:2017 Class 21/19/16 particles &gt; 5 μm)"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "IP67-rated wiper seals with 0.1 mm labyrinth clearance, positive-pressure purge system at 0.2 bar"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Misalignment exceeding 0.05 mm/100 mm parallelism tolerance"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Kinematic mounting with 0.01 mm precision shims, laser alignment to 0.02 mm/m straightness"
bom_nodes:
  rail:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:RAIL"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  carriage-slide-block:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:CARRIAGE_SLIDE_BLOCK"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  ball-bearings-rollers:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:BALL_BEARINGS_ROLLERS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  end-seal-wiper:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:END_SEAL_WIPER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  lubrication-fitting:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:LUBRICATION_FITTING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 12090-1:2011 (LINEAR MOTION ROLLING BEARINGS)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "ANSI/B93.55M-1992 (HYDRAULIC FLUID POWER - CYLINDERS)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "DIN 645-1:1990 (LINEAR BALL BEARINGS AND SHAFT SUPPORTS)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/linear-railguide.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "4b8456bdafc56c2e0df4e8a8494fb70854ff609e6045540c045eda1e9840ae3a"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Linear rail/guide

## 1. Technical Definition
A precision mechanical component that provides smooth, low-friction linear motion along a fixed axis.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0.1-100 m/s linear velocity, -20°C to 80°C ambient temperature, 0.5-50 kN load capacity**. Failure boundary: **Ball/roller deformation at 1.5 GPa contact stress, rail surface pitting at 2.0 GPa Hertzian contact pressure, lubricant breakdown at 120°C**, Mechanism: **Hertzian contact fatigue exceeding material yield strength (σ_y = 1.2 GPa for hardened steel), boundary lubrication failure at Stribeck curve transition (λ &lt; 1), thermal expansion mismatch (α_steel = 11×10^-6/°C vs α_aluminum = 23×10^-6/°C)**.

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Contaminant ingress (ISO 4406:2017 Class 21/19/16 particles &gt; 5 μm) | 8 | Three-body abrasive wear with Ra &gt; 0.8 μm surface roughness increase | IP67-rated wiper seals with 0.1 mm labyrinth clearance, positive-pressure purge system at 0.2 bar |
| Misalignment exceeding 0.05 mm/100 mm parallelism tolerance | 8 | Edge loading with 300% stress concentration at rail corners | Kinematic mounting with 0.01 mm precision shims, laser alignment to 0.02 mm/m straightness |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | mm | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Carriage / Slide Block](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/carriage-slide-block.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **CNC Machining Center**, **Coordinate Measuring Machine**, **Industrial Grinding Machine**  
**Downstream Applications**: CNC Machine Tools, Industrial Robots, Packaging Machinery  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What are the main advantages of using high-carbon chromium bearing steel (GCr15/SUJ2) in linear rails?
**A**: High-carbon chromium bearing steel offers excellent hardness, wear resistance, and dimensional stability, making it ideal for precision linear motion applications where durability and minimal maintenance are critical.

### Q: How do I choose between ball bearings and rollers in a linear rail system?
**A**: Ball bearings provide smoother motion with lower friction for high-speed applications, while rollers offer higher load capacity and better shock resistance for heavy-duty machinery. Selection depends on your specific speed, precision, and load requirements.

### Q: What maintenance is required for linear rail systems in industrial equipment?
**A**: Regular lubrication through the fitting, periodic cleaning of wipers/seals to prevent contamination, and inspection of rail and carriage wear patterns are essential. Proper maintenance ensures optimal performance and extends service life.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 12090-1:2011 (LINEAR MOTION ROLLING BEARINGS)
- ANSI/B93.55M-1992 (HYDRAULIC FLUID POWER - CYLINDERS)
- DIN 645-1:1990 (LINEAR BALL BEARINGS AND SHAFT SUPPORTS)

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Linear rail/guide](https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/linear-railguide)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **5** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: LINEAR_RAILGUIDE | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: b9a36631
