---
title: "Re-heater"
industry: "Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:RE_HEATER"
  data_integrity_hash: "0d8959a5cbe8c1348ef903cbc9bba9f0"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:RE_HEATER"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/re-heater.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/re-heater"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "15-35°C inlet air temperature, 40-80% relative humidity input, 0.5-2.0 m/s air velocity"
    unit: "kW"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 150
    unit: "°C"
    consequence: "Thermal expansion mismatch between copper heating coils (17×10⁻⁶/°C CTE) and aluminum fins (23×10⁻⁶/°C CTE) causes mechanical stress at &gt;100°C differential"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Calcium carbonate scaling from hard water exceeding 300 ppm"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Install water softener with ion exchange resin maintaining &lt;50 ppm hardness"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Corrosive condensate pH &lt;5.0 from acidic air contaminants"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Apply epoxy coating with 200 μm thickness and cathodic protection at -0.85 V vs Cu/CuSO4"
bom_nodes:
  heating-elements:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:HEATING_ELEMENTS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  heat-exchanger-coils:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:HEAT_EXCHANGER_COILS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  housingcasing:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:HOUSINGCASING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 13705:2012 (PETROLEUM, PETROCHEMICAL AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - FIRED HEATERS FOR GENERAL REFINERY SERVICE)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/re-heater.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "465134b0b80dddf055fdc4cf2b35ba706e44752843e309e1de1b904522f286e0"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Re-heater

## 1. Technical Definition
A component in dehumidification systems that reheats air after dehumidification to achieve desired temperature and humidity levels.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **15-35°C inlet air temperature, 40-80% relative humidity input, 0.5-2.0 m/s air velocity**. Failure boundary: **Coil surface temperature exceeding 150°C causes polymer seal degradation, air pressure drop exceeding 250 Pa indicates fouling failure**, Mechanism: **Thermal expansion mismatch between copper heating coils (17×10⁻⁶/°C CTE) and aluminum fins (23×10⁻⁶/°C CTE) causes mechanical stress at &gt;100°C differential**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **LMTD Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference**:

> **Primary Equation**: $Q = U \cdot A \cdot \Delta T_{lm}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Sizing validation for pasteurization and cooling tunnels.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U | Heat Transfer Coeff | Engineering Constant |
| A | Area | Engineering Constant |
| \Delta T_{lm} | LMTD | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Calcium carbonate scaling from hard water exceeding 300 ppm | 8 | Reduced heat transfer efficiency with &gt;15% increase in energy consumption | Install water softener with ion exchange resin maintaining &lt;50 ppm hardness |
| Corrosive condensate pH &lt;5.0 from acidic air contaminants | 8 | Copper coil pitting corrosion at &gt;0.1 mm/year penetration rate | Apply epoxy coating with 200 μm thickness and cathodic protection at -0.85 V vs Cu/CuSO4 |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | kW | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Heating Elements](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/computer-electronic-and-optical-product-manufacturing/product/heating-elements.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Heat Exchanger Coils](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/heat-exchanger-coils.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Dehumidifier Unit**, **Air Handling Unit**, **Control Panel with Humidity/Temperature Sensors**  
**Downstream Applications**: Pharmaceutical Storage Facilities, Food Processing Plants, Electronics Manufacturing Cleanrooms  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What is the primary function of a re-heater in dehumidification systems?
**A**: A re-heater's primary function is to reheat air after it has been dehumidified, restoring it to the desired temperature and humidity level for optimal environmental control in industrial settings.

### Q: What materials are commonly used in industrial re-heater construction?
**A**: Industrial re-heaters are typically constructed from durable materials like stainless steel for corrosion resistance, copper for efficient heat transfer, and aluminum for lightweight structural components.

### Q: What are the key components in a re-heater's bill of materials (BOM)?
**A**: The essential BOM components include heating elements for temperature control, heat exchanger coils for efficient thermal transfer, and a robust housing/casing to protect internal components and ensure safe operation.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 13705:2012 (PETROLEUM, PETROCHEMICAL AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - FIRED HEATERS FOR GENERAL REFINERY SERVICE)

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Re-heater](https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/re-heater)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **3** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: RE_HEATER | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 3b052005
