---
title: "Refrigeration Unit"
industry: "Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:REFRIGERATION_UNIT"
  data_integrity_hash: "9c49fa92d2315829d8b712f3ddd88e95"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:REFRIGERATION_UNIT"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/refrigeration-unit.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/refrigeration-unit"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0.5-3.5 MPa (evaporator pressure), -40°C to +10°C (evaporating temperature)"
    unit: "kW"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 4.2
    unit: "MPa"
    consequence: "Compressor mechanical failure due to excessive pressure differential across piston rings (ΔP &gt; 3.8 MPa) causing lubricant film breakdown and metal-to-metal contact"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Refrigerant undercharge below 70% of design mass (R-134a: 2.1 kg minimum for 5 kW system)"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Install liquid line sight glass with moisture indicator and automatic charge monitoring system with 0.1 kg resolution"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Condenser fouling exceeding 0.00025 m²·K/W additional thermal resistance"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Integrate variable-speed condenser fans with PID control maintaining 10°C approach temperature and automatic tube cleaning system"
bom_nodes:
  compressor:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:COMPRESSOR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  condenser:
    type: "device"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:CONDENSER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  expansion-valve:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:EXPANSION_VALVE"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  evaporator:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:EVAPORATOR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 5149:2014 - REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS AND HEAT PUMPS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
  - standard: "EN 378:2016 - REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS AND HEAT PUMPS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/refrigeration-unit.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "127b017f9b96cb72e24508f4c70e896028f4e536d62cf594a9c51a980d7ca9ef"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Refrigeration Unit

## 1. Technical Definition
A mechanical system that removes heat from a conditioned space or process fluid.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0.5-3.5 MPa (evaporator pressure), -40°C to +10°C (evaporating temperature)**. Failure boundary: **Compressor discharge pressure exceeding 4.2 MPa or evaporator pressure dropping below 0.2 MPa**, Mechanism: **Compressor mechanical failure due to excessive pressure differential across piston rings (ΔP &gt; 3.8 MPa) causing lubricant film breakdown and metal-to-metal contact**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **LMTD Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference**:

> **Primary Equation**: $Q = U \cdot A \cdot \Delta T_{lm}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Sizing validation for pasteurization and cooling tunnels.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U | Heat Transfer Coeff | Engineering Constant |
| A | Area | Engineering Constant |
| \Delta T_{lm} | LMTD | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Refrigerant undercharge below 70% of design mass (R-134a: 2.1 kg minimum for 5 kW system) | 8 | Compressor suction superheat exceeding 25°C causing oil breakdown and bearing seizure | Install liquid line sight glass with moisture indicator and automatic charge monitoring system with 0.1 kg resolution |
| Condenser fouling exceeding 0.00025 m²·K/W additional thermal resistance | 8 | Condensing temperature rising above 55°C causing compressor discharge temperature exceeding 130°C | Integrate variable-speed condenser fans with PID control maintaining 10°C approach temperature and automatic tube cleaning system |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | kW | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Compressor](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/compressor.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Condenser](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/chemical-manufacturing/product/condenser.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Expansion Valve](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/expansion-valve.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Evaporator](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/evaporator.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Condenser Unit**, **Evaporator Coil**  
**Downstream Applications**: Cold Storage Warehouse, Refrigerated Transport Vehicle, Food Processing Plant  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What materials are used in this refrigeration unit's construction?
**A**: This refrigeration unit is constructed with durable materials including copper tubing for refrigerant lines, aluminum for heat exchanger fins, steel for structural components, and industry-standard refrigerants for optimal heat transfer and longevity.

### Q: What are the main components in this refrigeration unit's bill of materials?
**A**: The core BOM includes a compressor for refrigerant circulation, a condenser to release heat, an expansion valve to regulate refrigerant flow, and an evaporator to absorb heat from the conditioned space or process fluid.

### Q: How does this refrigeration unit remove heat from industrial processes?
**A**: The unit operates on a vapor-compression cycle: the compressor circulates refrigerant, which absorbs heat in the evaporator from the process fluid or space, then releases it through the condenser, effectively removing heat to maintain desired temperatures.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 5149:2014 - REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS AND HEAT PUMPS
- EN 378:2016 - REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS AND HEAT PUMPS

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Refrigeration Unit](https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/refrigeration-unit)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **4** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: REFRIGERATION_UNIT | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: b56e6e8f
