---
title: "Volute Casing"
industry: "Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:VOLUTE_CASING"
  data_integrity_hash: "bc62abe85ac90d3972c57c8a3b11c59b"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:VOLUTE_CASING"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/volute-casing.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/volute-casing"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0.5-25 bar differential pressure"
    unit: "mm"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 35
    unit: "bar"
    consequence: "High-pressure differential exceeding yield strength of cast iron (250 MPa) causing casing deformation, or cavitation-induced erosion at vapor pressure threshold (0.023 bar at 20°C)"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Solid particle ingestion exceeding 50 μm diameter"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Install 10 μm absolute filtration with duplex system and differential pressure monitoring"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Thermal cycling between 20°C and 120°C at &gt;5 cycles/hour"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Design with uniform 8 mm wall thickness and thermal stress relief grooves at casing joints"
bom_nodes:
  casing-body:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:CASING_BODY"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  discharge-nozzle-flange:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:DISCHARGE_NOZZLE_FLANGE"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  suction-nozzle-flange:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:SUCTION_NOZZLE_FLANGE"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  wear-ring-casing-ring:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:WEAR_RING_CASING_RING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 5199:2016 - TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/volute-casing.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "e7197ba98f57144590f448e2e4f2cff163493724762ff716fe2b2f6bdab78e24"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Volute Casing

## 1. Technical Definition
The spiral-shaped housing of a centrifugal pump that converts kinetic energy from the impeller into pressure energy.

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0.5-25 bar differential pressure**. Failure boundary: **35 bar differential pressure or 0.1 mm radial clearance reduction**, Mechanism: **High-pressure differential exceeding yield strength of cast iron (250 MPa) causing casing deformation, or cavitation-induced erosion at vapor pressure threshold (0.023 bar at 20°C)**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Darcy-Weisbach Pressure Drop**:

> **Primary Equation**: $\Delta P = f \cdot \frac{L}{D} \cdot \frac{\rho v^2}{2}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Critical for sizing CIP (Clean-In-Place) pump heads.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| f | Friction Factor | Engineering Constant |
| L | Pipe Length | Engineering Constant |
| v | Velocity | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Solid particle ingestion exceeding 50 μm diameter | 8 | Abrasive wear reducing volute tongue clearance below 0.5 mm | Install 10 μm absolute filtration with duplex system and differential pressure monitoring |
| Thermal cycling between 20°C and 120°C at &gt;5 cycles/hour | 8 | Thermal fatigue cracking initiating at stress concentration points | Design with uniform 8 mm wall thickness and thermal stress relief grooves at casing joints |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | mm | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Centrifugal Pump Impeller**, **Electric Motor**, **Control Panel**  
**Downstream Applications**: Water Treatment Systems, Industrial Cooling Systems, Irrigation Systems  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What materials are best for volute casings in corrosive environments?
**A**: Stainless steel and bronze volute casings offer excellent corrosion resistance for harsh chemical or marine applications, while engineering plastics provide lightweight, non-corrosive alternatives.

### Q: How does the volute casing design affect pump efficiency?
**A**: The spiral-shaped volute casing gradually expands to convert impeller kinetic energy into pressure energy with minimal turbulence, directly impacting pump efficiency and pressure output.

### Q: When should wear rings in volute casings be replaced?
**A**: Wear rings should be replaced when clearance between the impeller and casing exceeds manufacturer specifications, typically indicated by reduced pump efficiency or increased vibration.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 5199:2016 - TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Volute Casing](https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/volute-casing)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **4** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: VOLUTE_CASING | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 4d71dea4
