---
title: "Water Supply &amp; Drain System"
industry: "Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:WATER_SUPPLY_DRAIN_SYSTEM"
  data_integrity_hash: "04f32648eea6d1c85ff344d3f4757b47"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:WATER_SUPPLY_DRAIN_SYSTEM"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/water-supply-drain-system.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/water-supply-drain-system"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "0.5-6.0 bar (50-600 kPa)"
    unit: "mm"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 8.0
    unit: "bar"
    consequence: "Cavitation occurs when local pressure drops below water vapor pressure (2.34 kPa at 20°C), creating vapor bubbles that collapse violently causing pitting; excessive pressure causes stress exceeding PVC-U yield strength (50 MPa) at threaded joints"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Calcium carbonate scaling exceeding 2.5 mm thickness in pipe interior"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Install water softener maintaining hardness below 50 mg/L CaCO3, implement automatic acid flush system at pH 4.5 for 15 minutes weekly"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Water hammer from solenoid valve closure in under 0.1 seconds"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Install surge arrestor with 2-liter accumulator, program valve closure ramp over 0.5 seconds, use reinforced PVC-R pipes with 16 bar burst rating"
bom_nodes:
  supply-pump:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:SUPPLY_PUMP"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  drain-valve:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:DRAIN_VALVE"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  water-level-sensor:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:WATER_LEVEL_SENSOR"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  distribution-piping:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:DISTRIBUTION_PIPING"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
  - standard: "ISO 15874:2013 (PLASTICS PIPING SYSTEMS FOR HOT AND COLD WATER INSTALLATIONS)"
    scope: "Verified Engineering Specification"
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/water-supply-drain-system.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "f0ab462bd1a056380159897cbaab7a6529af81defaa205c715c1c6bb456946a3"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Water Supply &amp; Drain System

## 1. Technical Definition
Integrated system for delivering water to and removing wastewater from humidification equipment

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **0.5-6.0 bar (50-600 kPa)**. Failure boundary: **Pressure exceeding 8.0 bar (800 kPa) causes pipe joint separation, pressure dropping below 0.3 bar (30 kPa) causes pump cavitation**, Mechanism: **Cavitation occurs when local pressure drops below water vapor pressure (2.34 kPa at 20°C), creating vapor bubbles that collapse violently causing pitting; excessive pressure causes stress exceeding PVC-U yield strength (50 MPa) at threaded joints**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Darcy-Weisbach Pressure Drop**:

> **Primary Equation**: $\Delta P = f \cdot \frac{L}{D} \cdot \frac{\rho v^2}{2}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Critical for sizing CIP (Clean-In-Place) pump heads.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| f | Friction Factor | Engineering Constant |
| L | Pipe Length | Engineering Constant |
| v | Velocity | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Calcium carbonate scaling exceeding 2.5 mm thickness in pipe interior | 8 | Flow restriction causing pressure drop to 0.2 bar, pump overheating to 85°C | Install water softener maintaining hardness below 50 mg/L CaCO3, implement automatic acid flush system at pH 4.5 for 15 minutes weekly |
| Water hammer from solenoid valve closure in under 0.1 seconds | 8 | Pressure surge reaching 12 bar, PVC pipe fracture at elbow joints | Install surge arrestor with 2-liter accumulator, program valve closure ramp over 0.5 seconds, use reinforced PVC-R pipes with 16 bar burst rating |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | mm | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Supply Pump](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/supply-pump.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Drain Valve](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/rubber-and-plastic-product-manufacturing/product/drain-valve.md) `(Standalone System)`
- [Water Level Sensor](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/water-level-sensor.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Water Filtration System**, **Chemical Dosing System**, **Automated Control Panel**  
**Downstream Applications**: Humidified Air for HVAC Systems, Process Humidity for Manufacturing, Climate-Controlled Environments  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: What materials are used in this water supply and drain system?
**A**: The system is constructed from durable materials including stainless steel for corrosion resistance, PVC for lightweight piping, and copper for reliable connections in humidification applications.

### Q: How does the water level sensor work in this system?
**A**: The water level sensor monitors tank levels to automatically control the supply pump and drain valve, ensuring optimal water flow and preventing overflow or dry running in humidification equipment.

### Q: What maintenance is required for this industrial water system?
**A**: Regular inspection of the drain valve and supply pump, periodic cleaning of distribution piping, and calibration of the water level sensor ensure long-term reliability in machinery manufacturing environments.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance
- ISO 15874:2013 (PLASTICS PIPING SYSTEMS FOR HOT AND COLD WATER INSTALLATIONS)

---
### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Water Supply &amp; Drain System](https://cnfx.com/industry/machinery-and-equipment-manufacturing/product/water-supply-drain-system)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **4** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: WATER_SUPPLY_DRAIN_SYSTEM | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: a92a254b
