---
title: "Isolated Power Supply"
industry: "Motor Vehicle Manufacturing"
verification_protocol:
  urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:ISOLATED_POWER_SUPPLY"
  data_integrity_hash: "e377cf1d4b86b5d1480b9e0e52da14b9"
  source_authority: "https://cnfx.com"
  strict_mode: true
source_identity:
  provider: "CNFX Industrial Knowledge Graph"
  index_version: "2026.Q1-Universal"
  authority_id: "URN:CNFX:ME:ISOLATED_POWER_SUPPLY"
  data_source_uri: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/motor-vehicle-manufacturing/product/isolated-power-supply.md"
  official_resource_url: "https://cnfx.com/industry/motor-vehicle-manufacturing/product/isolated-power-supply"
  is_verified_logic: true
attributes:
  spec:
    status: "config-dependent"
    typical_range: "85-265 VAC input, 12-48 VDC output, 1500 VAC isolation voltage, -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature"
    unit: "V"
engineering_limits:
  max_safe_operating_point:
    value: 1500
    unit: "VAC"
    consequence: "Dielectric breakdown in transformer insulation at &gt;3 kV/mm electric field strength, thermal runaway in MOSFETs at &gt;150°C junction temperature, electrolytic capacitor ESR increase &gt;200% at end-of-life"
fmea_matrix_quantitative:
  - node_1:
      trigger: "Input voltage transient exceeding 4000 V surge per IEC 61000-4-5"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Metal oxide varistor with 275 V clamping voltage and 10 kA surge rating in parallel with input filter"
  - node_2:
      trigger: "Core saturation in isolation transformer due to DC bias &gt;10% of rated flux density"
      severity: 8
      occurrence: 3
      detection: 4
      mitigation_protocol: "Gapped transformer core design with Bmax limited to 0.3 T and DC blocking capacitor in control loop"
bom_nodes:
  transformer:
    type: "part"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:TRANSFORMER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  switching-transistors:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:SWITCHING_TRANSISTORS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  control-ic:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:CONTROL_IC"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  output-rectifier:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:OUTPUT_RECTIFIER"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
  filter-capacitors:
    type: "component"
    urn: "URN:CNFX:ME:FILTER_CAPACITORS"
    interface_type: "physical-logic-coupled"
manufacturing_compliance:
url: "https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/motor-vehicle-manufacturing/product/isolated-power-supply.md"
on_chain_sovereignty:
  contract_standard: "ERC-721-Industrial"
  metadata_hash: "3efdadabf17d8ea7cf7a84d52aabbe2d5504921d5baefcd0695f4608c2e5594b"
  royalty_logic: "IPFS-CID-REQUIRED"
  mint_status: "logic-verified-ready"
version: "3.3.4-EXTREME-SOVEREIGN-WEB3"
---

# Industrial Specification: Isolated Power Supply

## 1. Technical Definition
A power supply unit that provides electrical isolation between input and output circuits within a Battery Control Unit (BCU).

## 2. Engineering Reasoning & Causal Matrix
> **Operational Intelligence**: Designed for **85-265 VAC input, 12-48 VDC output, 1500 VAC isolation voltage, -40°C to +85°C ambient temperature**. Failure boundary: **Isolation breakdown at &gt;1500 VAC differential, output voltage deviation &gt;±5% of nominal, efficiency drop below 85%**, Mechanism: **Dielectric breakdown in transformer insulation at &gt;3 kV/mm electric field strength, thermal runaway in MOSFETs at &gt;150°C junction temperature, electrolytic capacitor ESR increase &gt;200% at end-of-life**.

### 2.1 Analytical Physics Model
Governed by the **Joule Heating & Thermal Resistance**:

> **Primary Equation**: $P = I^2 R = \frac{V^2}{R}$  
> **Engineering Impact**: Governs heating element sizing for shrink tunnels/sealers.

| Symbol | Variable Definition | Localized Reference |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| I | Current | Engineering Constant |
| R | Resistance | Engineering Constant |
| V | Voltage | Engineering Constant |

### 2.2 FMEA (Failure Mode & Effects Analysis)
| Event Trigger | Severity | Failure Mode | Mitigation Strategy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Input voltage transient exceeding 4000 V surge per IEC 61000-4-5 | 8 | Primary-side MOSFET avalanche breakdown causing short circuit | Metal oxide varistor with 275 V clamping voltage and 10 kA surge rating in parallel with input filter |
| Core saturation in isolation transformer due to DC bias &gt;10% of rated flux density | 8 | Transformer overheating leading to insulation class H (180°C) thermal degradation | Gapped transformer core design with Bmax limited to 0.3 T and DC blocking capacitor in control loop |

## 3. Key Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value | Unit | Status |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| spec | Config-dependent | V | Verified |

## 4. System BOM & Knowledge Routing
### Core Components (Recursive Links)
- [Transformer](https://cnfx.com/llms/industry/electrical-equipment-manufacturing/product/transformer.md) `(Standalone System)`

### Industrial DNA Context (De-duplicated)
**Complementary Dependencies**: **Automated Test Equipment (ATE)**, **Environmental Test Chamber**, **Conformal Coating Machine**  
**Downstream Applications**: Battery Control Unit (BCU), Electric Vehicle (EV) Powertrain, Hybrid Vehicle Power System  

## 5. Engineering Risks & FAQ
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 
- **Caution**: 

### Q: Why is electrical isolation important in a Battery Control Unit power supply?
**A**: Electrical isolation prevents ground loops, reduces noise interference, and enhances safety by separating input and output circuits, crucial for reliable BCU operation in motor vehicles.

### Q: What materials ensure durability in automotive isolated power supplies?
**A**: Ferrite cores for efficient high-frequency operation, silicon steel for magnetic shielding, and high-grade PCB materials withstand automotive temperature ranges and vibrations.

### Q: How does this isolated power supply improve BCU performance?
**A**: By providing clean, stable power with minimal electromagnetic interference, it ensures accurate battery monitoring and control, extending battery life and vehicle safety.

## 6. Manufacturing Compliance

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### 🛠️ Engineering Resource Access
🔗 **[Full Specification: Isolated Power Supply](https://cnfx.com/industry/motor-vehicle-manufacturing/product/isolated-power-supply)**

### 🌐 Knowledge Graph Topology
> **Node Status**: Verified Engineering Spec
> **Connectivity**: Linked to **5** standalone system nodes
> **Global Context**: Part of a 5,814 node industrial cluster within the CNFX Graph

> **Reference ID**: ISOLATED_POWER_SUPPLY | **Authority**: CNFX-2026-ST-001 | **Fingerprint**: 8cfc11b5
