INDUSTRY COMPONENT

Anode Target Disc

A rotating anode target disc in X-ray tubes that converts electron energy into X-ray radiation through high-speed rotation and thermal management.

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Component Specifications

Definition
The anode target disc is a critical rotating component within the X-ray tube rotor assembly, typically made from tungsten-rhenium or molybdenum alloys. It serves as the focal point where high-energy electrons from the cathode strike, generating X-rays through bremsstrahlung and characteristic radiation. The disc rotates at high speeds (typically 3,000-10,000 RPM) to distribute heat across its surface, preventing localized overheating and melting while maintaining consistent X-ray output. Modern designs incorporate composite structures with graphite substrates for improved thermal dissipation and focal track optimization for specific imaging applications.
Working Principle
Operates on the principle of thermionic emission and bremsstrahlung radiation. Electrons accelerated from the cathode strike the rotating anode disc's focal track, where their kinetic energy converts to X-rays (1-2% efficiency) and heat (98-99%). The rotation spreads thermal load across the entire focal track area, allowing higher power loading and longer tube life. The angle of the target surface (typically 7-20 degrees) affects focal spot size and heat dissipation characteristics.
Materials
Primary focal track: Tungsten-Rhenium alloy (W-3%Re to W-10%Re) for high melting point (3, 422°C) and thermal stability. Substrate: Molybdenum or graphite for thermal management. Bonding layer: Brazing alloys (copper-silver or gold-based) for metallurgical bonding. Rotor core: Copper or aluminum for conductivity and weight reduction.
Technical Parameters
  • Diameter 50-200 mm
  • Anode Angle 7-20 degrees
  • Balance Grade G2.5 or better
  • Rotation Speed 3,000-10,000 RPM
  • Surface Finish Ra < 0.8 μm
  • Focal Spot Size 0.3-2.0 mm
  • Thermal Capacity 100-500 kJ
  • Operating Temperature Up to 2,700°C (focal track)
Standards
ISO 16526, IEC 60601-2-28, ASTM E1165, DIN 6868

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Anode Target Disc.

anode target disc rotating anode X-ray tube component tungsten rhenium target focal track thermal management X-ray generation rotor assembly medical imaging parts Anode Target Disc in Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

X-Ray Tube Rotor Assembly

High-speed rotating anode assembly for medical X-ray generation.

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Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation
  • Thermal cracking from rapid heating/cooling
  • Focal track erosion from electron bombardment
  • Bearing failure due to high-speed rotation
  • Imbalance causing vibration and noise
  • Vacuum contamination from material outgassing
FMEA Triads
Trigger: Thermal stress exceeding material limits
Failure: Focal track cracking or deformation
Mitigation: Implement graded material transitions, optimize cooling systems, control ramp-up/down rates, use thermal modeling for design validation
Trigger: Bearing lubrication breakdown at high temperatures
Failure: Rotor seizure or excessive vibration
Mitigation: Use high-temperature lubricants, implement bearing temperature monitoring, design for minimal axial/radial loads, regular maintenance schedules
Trigger: Electron beam focusing instability
Failure: Off-focal radiation reducing image quality
Mitigation: Precise cathode alignment, electromagnetic focusing optimization, real-time beam monitoring, regular calibration protocols

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Interchangeable Parts

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance
Focal spot position: ±0.1 mm, Balance: ≤2.5 g·mm/kg, Runout: ≤0.01 mm TIR, Surface roughness: Ra ≤ 0.8 μm
Test Method
X-ray focal spot measurement per IEC 60336, thermal cycling tests, high-speed balance verification, vacuum compatibility testing, material composition analysis via spectroscopy

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

Not customer reviews or live demand data. These dimensions support RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation
4/5
Manufacturing capability
4/5
Inspection readiness
5/5
Supplier transparency
3/5

These scores are example evaluation dimensions, not real customer ratings, country-specific buyer feedback, or live inquiry activity.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Why do anode target discs rotate at high speeds?

High-speed rotation distributes heat across the entire focal track area, preventing localized overheating that could cause melting or deformation. This allows higher power loading, longer exposure times, and extended tube lifespan while maintaining consistent X-ray output quality.

What materials are used for modern anode targets?

Modern targets use tungsten-rhenium alloys (3-10% rhenium) for the focal track due to high melting point and thermal stability. Molybdenum or graphite substrates provide thermal management, while copper or aluminum rotor cores reduce weight and improve conductivity.

How does anode angle affect X-ray tube performance?

The anode angle (typically 7-20°) determines the effective focal spot size and heat dissipation characteristics. Smaller angles create smaller focal spots for higher resolution imaging but reduce heat dissipation capacity. Larger angles improve thermal management but increase focal spot size.

Can I contact factories directly?

Yes, each factory profile provides direct contact information.

Data Basis

CNFX manufacturer profiles, technical classification, publicly available product information, and ongoing plausibility checks.

Preliminary Technical Classification
This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

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