Integrator: Temperature Range -40°C to +125°C

Component Specifications

Definition

An integrator in a Delta-Sigma modulator is an analog electronic circuit that performs mathematical integration of the input signal, typically using operational amplifiers with capacitive feedback. It accumulates the difference between the input analog signal and the feedback signal from the digital-to-analog converter (DAC), creating a time-averaged error signal that drives the quantizer. This component is critical for noise shaping and achieving high-resolution analog-to-digital conversion by pushing quantization noise to higher frequencies.

Working Principle

The integrator operates by accumulating charge on a capacitor proportional to the input current or voltage over time. In Delta-Sigma modulators, it integrates the difference between the analog input and the DAC feedback signal, producing an output voltage that represents the accumulated error. This continuous integration allows the modulator to achieve high resolution through oversampling and noise shaping, where low-frequency signal components are preserved while quantization noise is shifted to higher frequencies for subsequent filtering.

Materials

Semiconductor materials (silicon for integrated circuits), copper for interconnects, dielectric materials (silicon dioxide, polyimide) for insulation, and packaging materials (epoxy, ceramic).

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Bandwidth	10Hz to 1MHz
Package Type	SOIC, QFN, BGA
Power Supply	±5V to ±18V
Temperature Range	-40°C to +125°C
Input Voltage Range	±5V to ±15V
Output Voltage Range	0V to supply voltage
Integration Time Constant	Typically 1µs to 100ms

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Standards

IEC 60747, JEDEC JESD22

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Delta-Sigma Modulator

A high-resolution analog-to-digital converter circuit that uses oversampling and noise shaping to achieve precise signal conversion.

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Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation

Thermal drift affecting integration accuracy
Capacitor leakage leading to signal loss
Op-amp saturation causing nonlinearity
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) disrupting signals

FMEA Triads

Trigger: Capacitor dielectric absorption or leakage
Failure: Inaccurate integration, signal drift, reduced SNR
Mitigation: Use high-quality capacitors with low leakage, implement temperature compensation circuits, regular calibration

Trigger: Operational amplifier offset voltage or drift
Failure: DC error accumulation, output saturation, nonlinear response
Mitigation: Select low-offset op-amps, use auto-zeroing techniques, design with feedback stabilization

Trigger: Power supply noise or fluctuations
Failure: Increased noise in integrated output, reduced resolution
Mitigation: Implement robust power filtering, use regulated power supplies, add decoupling capacitors

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Typical Suppliers & Equivalents

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance

±0.1% to ±1% for integration accuracy, depending on application

Test Method

Signal integration test using known input waveforms (e.g., ramp, sine), frequency response analysis, noise measurement per IEC 60747 standards

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

A practical evidence checklist for RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation

Request current drawings, revision history, and a signed specification sheet.

Manufacturing capability

Verify equipment lists, process limits, capacity, and representative production evidence.

Inspection readiness

Confirm test methods, calibrated equipment, sampling plans, and traceable reports.

Supplier transparency

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Manufacturers of Integrator

Manufacturer profiles associated with Integrator.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary function of an integrator in a Delta-Sigma modulator?

The integrator accumulates the difference between the input analog signal and the feedback signal over time, enabling noise shaping and high-resolution conversion by pushing quantization noise to higher frequencies.

How does the integrator affect the performance of a Delta-Sigma ADC?

It determines the modulator's noise-shaping characteristics and stability; proper integrator design ensures high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and effective quantization noise reduction.

What are common materials used in integrator manufacturing?

Semiconductor silicon for ICs, copper for interconnects, and dielectric materials like silicon dioxide for insulation, with epoxy or ceramic packaging.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records. See the editorial policy.

Preliminary Technical Classification

This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

Integrator