Editorial Technical Reference

High-Frequency Ceramic Capacitor

This page explains how High-Frequency Ceramic Capacitor is classified within Electronic Component Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

Miniaturized capacitor using ceramic dielectric for high-frequency electronic circuits

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Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for High-Frequency Ceramic Capacitor

Definition
A passive electronic component that stores and releases electrical energy in high-frequency applications. Manufactured using multilayer ceramic technology with precise electrode patterning. Essential for filtering, decoupling, and impedance matching in RF and microwave circuits. Provides stable capacitance with minimal parasitic effects at elevated frequencies. The component is constructed with barium titanate ceramic as the dielectric, nickel electrodes, and silver-palladium terminations. It is available in package sizes from 0402 to 1210 (EIA-198) and offers a capacitance range of 0.5 to 10000 pF, with tolerances of ±5% or ±10% (tighter on request). The voltage rating spans 16 to 100 V DC, and the temperature coefficient is 0±30 ppm/°C. The dissipation factor is ≤0.001% at 1 MHz, and the insulation resistance is ≥10 GΩ at 25°C and rated voltage. The dielectric withstanding voltage is 2.5 times the rated voltage for 1–5 seconds with a maximum current of 50 mA. The operating temperature range is -55 to 125°C, and the aging rate is ≤0.1% per decade. The self-resonant frequency ranges from 0.5 to 10 GHz, depending on capacitance and package. Termination finishes include AgPd or Ni/Sn, and the product is RoHS compliant. Weight varies from 0.5 to 50 mg per piece, depending on package. These capacitors are designed for high-frequency circuits where stable capacitance and low losses are critical. They are used in RF amplifiers, filters, oscillators, and decoupling applications. When selecting a capacitor, verify the specific capacitance, voltage rating, temperature coefficient, and package size against the requirements of your circuit. Always confirm the actual values and standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier, as the listed parameters are reference ranges and may vary by model. The standards referenced include IEC 60384-8 and EIA-198, which serve as procurement references, not certifications.
Working Principle
The capacitor stores electrical charge between conductive electrodes separated by a ceramic dielectric material. The capacitance is determined by the dielectric constant, the electrode area, and the separation distance. In high-frequency operation, the multilayer structure minimizes parasitic inductance and resistance, allowing stable performance up to the self-resonant frequency. The ceramic dielectric, typically barium titanate, provides a high dielectric constant, enabling miniaturization. The electrode patterning is precise to ensure consistent electrical characteristics. The capacitor's behavior changes with frequency; below self-resonance it acts as a capacitor, above it becomes inductive. The temperature coefficient indicates how capacitance changes with temperature, and the aging rate shows long-term drift. Proper selection requires matching these parameters to the application's frequency, voltage, and temperature conditions.
Common Materials
Barium Titanate Ceramic, Nickel Electrode, Silver Palladium Termination
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
CapacitanceRequired0.5–10000 pFNominal capacitance at specified frequencyIEC 60384-8
Voltage RatingRequired16–100 VMaximum DC working voltageIEC 60384-8
Temperature CoefficientRequired0±30 ppm/°CCapacitance change with temperatureIEC 60384-8
Dissipation FactorRequired≤0.001 %Loss tangent at 1MHzIEC 60384-8
Self-Resonant Frequency0.5–10 GHzFrequency where capacitor becomes inductive
Package SizeRequired0402–1210 mmLength × width dimensionsEIA-198
Insulation Resistance≥10 GΩAt 25°C, rated voltageIEC 60384-8
Dielectric Withstanding Voltage2.5× rated V DC1–5 s, 50 mA maxIEC 60384-8
Operating Temperature Range-55–125 °CClass 1 dielectricIEC 60384-8
Capacitance Tolerance±5, ±10 %Tighter on requestIEC 60384-8
Aging Rate≤0.1 %/decadeClass 1, negligible
Termination FinishAgPd or Ni/SnRoHS compliantIEC 60384-8
Weight0.5–50 mgPer piece, package dependent

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Ceramic Dielectric Part
    Insulating material that determines capacitance and frequency characteristics
    Material: Barium Titanate or Titanate-based ceramic
  • Internal Electrode Part
    Conductive layers that form capacitor plates
    Material: Nickel or Copper
  • Termination Part
    External connection points for circuit mounting
    Material: Silver Palladium alloy
  • Protective Coating Optional Part
    Surface protection against environmental factors
    Material: Epoxy resin

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for High-Frequency Ceramic Capacitor.

MLCC Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor RF Capacitor

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
voltage: Up to 50V DC (typical), derated at high temperature
frequency: Up to 10 GHz (depending on capacitance value and package)
aging rate: ≤1% per decade hour (Class 1 ceramics)
temperature: -55°C to +125°C (operating), up to +150°C (peak)
capacitance tolerance: ±5% to ±20% (standard), ±1% (precision)
Media Compatibility
✓ RF/microwave circuits ✓ Impedance matching networks ✓ High-frequency filtering applications
Unsuitable: High-voltage power circuits (>100V) or environments with mechanical vibration/shock exceeding 10G
Sizing Data Required
  • Required capacitance value (pF to nF range)
  • Operating frequency range (MHz to GHz)
  • Package size constraint (e.g., 0402, 0603, 0805 SMD footprint)

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Dielectric breakdown
Cause: Excessive voltage stress beyond rated limits, leading to insulation failure and short circuit.
Mechanical cracking
Cause: Thermal expansion mismatch between ceramic and board materials during soldering or operation, causing structural fractures.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Visible cracks or physical damage on the capacitor body
  • Audible popping or hissing sounds during operation indicating internal arcing
Engineering Tips
  • Implement strict voltage derating practices (typically 50-70% of rated voltage) to prevent dielectric stress
  • Control thermal cycling during soldering and operation using proper thermal management and board design to minimize mechanical stress

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
IEC 60384-1 (International standard for fixed capacitors) MIL-PRF-55681 (Military specification for ceramic dielectric capacitors) AEC-Q200 (Automotive Electronics Council qualification for passive components)

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • Capacitance tolerance: ±10% (typical for Class 2 ceramics)
  • Temperature coefficient: ±15% (for X7R dielectric material)
Quality Inspection
  • ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) measurement at high frequency
  • Dielectric withstand voltage test (HIPOT test)

Manufacturers of High-Frequency Ceramic Capacitor

Manufacturer profiles associated with High-Frequency Ceramic Capacitor.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the capacitance range of this capacitor?

The capacitance range is 0.5 to 10000 pF, with tolerances of ±5% or ±10% (tighter on request). Always verify the specific value for your model.

What is the operating temperature range?

The operating temperature range is -55°C to 125°C for Class 1 dielectric. Ensure your application stays within this range.

What standards apply to this component?

The component references IEC 60384-8 for electrical parameters and EIA-198 for package sizes. These standards are procurement references; confirm compliance with the manufacturer.

How do I select the right package size?

Package sizes range from 0402 to 1210 (EIA-198). Choose based on your circuit board space and required capacitance. Verify the exact dimensions with the supplier.
Data basis: editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records. See the editorial policy.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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