INDUSTRY COMPONENT

Key

A mechanical component used to connect rotating shafts to hubs, gears, or couplings by fitting into keyways to transmit torque.

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Component Specifications

Definition
A key is a precision-machined metal component designed to fit into matching slots (keyways) on both a shaft and a hub, gear, or coupling. It prevents relative rotation between the connected parts, ensuring efficient torque transmission while allowing for easy assembly and disassembly. Keys are critical in power transmission systems where secure, non-slip connections are required.
Working Principle
The key operates on the principle of positive mechanical engagement. It is inserted into aligned keyways on the shaft and hub, creating a rigid connection that transfers rotational force (torque) through shear resistance. This prevents slippage and maintains precise alignment between components under load.
Materials
Typically made from medium-carbon steel (e.g., AISI 1045, C45) or alloy steel (e.g., AISI 4140) for strength and wear resistance. Surface treatments like hardening, black oxide coating, or zinc plating may be applied to enhance durability and corrosion resistance.
Technical Parameters
  • Width Standardized dimensions (e.g., 3mm to 50mm)
  • Height Proportional to width per standards
  • Length Customized to application
  • Tolerance ISO h9 or similar for fit
  • Shear Strength Varies by material (e.g., 400-800 MPa)
Standards
ISO 773, DIN 6885, ANSI B17.1, JIS B 1301

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Key.

mechanical key shaft key keyway torque transmission power transmission components ISO 773 DIN 6885 machine coupling industrial engineering Key Key in Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Shaft Coupling / Adapter

A mechanical component that connects two rotating shafts to transmit torque while accommodating misalignment.

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Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation
  • Shear failure under excessive torque
  • Wear or deformation in keyways
  • Misalignment causing vibration
  • Corrosion in harsh environments
  • Improper fit leading to loosening
FMEA Triads
Trigger: Over-torque or shock loads
Failure: Key shears, disrupting power transmission
Mitigation: Use torque limiters, select appropriate material and size
Trigger: Poor machining of keyways
Failure: Loose fit, causing slippage and wear
Mitigation: Adhere to tolerance standards (e.g., ISO h9), inspect during assembly
Trigger: Corrosion or lack of lubrication
Failure: Seizure, making disassembly difficult
Mitigation: Apply protective coatings, use stainless steel in corrosive environments

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Interchangeable Parts

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance
ISO 286 for keyway fits, typically h9/H9 for clearance
Test Method
Dimensional inspection with calipers/micrometers, hardness testing per ASTM E18, shear testing per ASTM A370

Buyer Feedback

★★★★☆ 4.5 / 5.0 (16 reviews)

"The technical documentation for this Key is very thorough, especially regarding technical reliability."

"Reliable performance in harsh Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing environments. No issues with the Key so far."

"Testing the Key now; the technical reliability results are within 1% of the laboratory datasheet."

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a key and a keyway?

A key is the removable component that fits into keyways, which are the machined slots on the shaft and hub. The keyway provides the seating for the key to create a secure connection.

Can keys be used in high-speed applications?

Yes, but they must be precisely machined to avoid imbalance. For very high speeds, alternatives like splines or interference fits may be preferred to reduce stress concentrations.

How do I select the right key size?

Key size is based on shaft diameter and torque requirements, following standards like ISO 773. Engineering calculations consider shear and crushing stresses to ensure safety.

Can I contact factories directly?

Yes, each factory profile provides direct contact information.

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