INDUSTRY COMPONENT

Anode

Anode is the negative electrode in rechargeable batteries where oxidation occurs during discharge, enabling electron flow and energy storage.

Component Specifications

Definition
In rechargeable batteries, the anode is the electrode where oxidation (loss of electrons) occurs during the discharge cycle. It serves as the source of electrons that flow through the external circuit to the cathode, generating electrical energy. During charging, the process reverses, with lithium ions (in lithium-ion batteries) or other charge carriers intercalating into the anode material for energy storage. Anodes are critical for determining battery capacity, cycle life, and safety characteristics.
Working Principle
The anode operates on electrochemical principles: during discharge, active materials (e.g., graphite in Li-ion batteries) undergo oxidation, releasing electrons to the external circuit and ions to the electrolyte. During charging, an external voltage forces electrons and ions back into the anode, storing energy through reduction reactions. This reversible redox process enables repeated charge-discharge cycles.
Materials
Common materials include graphite (natural or synthetic), silicon, lithium titanate (LTO), or lithium metal for advanced batteries. Copper foil typically serves as the current collector. Binders (e.g., PVDF) and conductive additives (e.g., carbon black) are mixed with active materials to form the anode coating.
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Capacity300-500 mAh/g (graphite)
Thickness50-200 μm
Cycle Life500-2000 cycles
Voltage Range0.01-1.5 V vs. Li/Li+
Energy Density150-400 Wh/kg
Coulombic Efficiency>99.5%

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Standards
ISO 12405-4, IEC 62660-1, UL 1642, GB/T 18287

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation
  • Lithium plating causing short circuits
  • SEI layer growth reducing efficiency
  • Thermal runaway from overheating
  • Mechanical deformation leading to internal shorts
FMEA Triads
Trigger: Overcharging or low-temperature charging
Failure: Lithium plating on anode surface
Mitigation: Implement voltage/temperature monitoring, use charging algorithms with temperature compensation
Trigger: Electrolyte decomposition
Failure: Excessive SEI layer formation reducing active material
Mitigation: Optimize electrolyte composition, control operating voltage window
Trigger: Mechanical stress from volume expansion
Failure: Electrode cracking and loss of electrical contact
Mitigation: Use flexible binders, design with expansion buffers, apply proper calendering

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Typical Suppliers & Equivalents

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance
±2% capacity variation, ±5 μm thickness tolerance, <0.1% impurity content
Test Method
Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic charge-discharge testing per IEC 62660 standards

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

A practical evidence checklist for RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation
Request current drawings, revision history, and a signed specification sheet.
Manufacturing capability
Verify equipment lists, process limits, capacity, and representative production evidence.
Inspection readiness
Confirm test methods, calibrated equipment, sampling plans, and traceable reports.
Supplier transparency
Check the legal entity, factory address, ownership, certifications, and direct contacts.

CNFX does not score or rank suppliers. Buyers must verify all claims and documents with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Manufacturers of Anode

Manufacturer profiles associated with Anode.

Sourcing Anode from China?
Tell us your specification and target quantity — we will match it against manufacturer records and come back with the factories that fit.
Request manufacturers We manufacture this

Manufacturer listings support early research and capability understanding. They are not certification, ranking, or transaction guarantees.

Share this page

Related Components

Serial Interface
Serial interface for industrial data transmission between IoT gateways and legacy equipment using RS-232/422/485 protocols.
Marking Ink
Specialized ink for permanent identification on surface mount resistors during manufacturing.
Dielectric Layer
Insulating layer in surface mount capacitors that stores electrical energy through polarization.
Optical Window
Transparent optical component for light transmission in polycarbonate lens housings

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main function of an anode in a rechargeable battery?

The anode stores and releases energy by undergoing reversible oxidation during discharge and reduction during charging, facilitating electron flow in the circuit.

Why is graphite commonly used in lithium-ion battery anodes?

Graphite provides stable intercalation of lithium ions, good conductivity, low cost, and long cycle life, making it ideal for commercial batteries.

How does anode degradation affect battery performance?

Degradation (e.g., SEI layer growth, lithium plating) reduces capacity, increases internal resistance, and can lead to safety hazards like thermal runaway.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records. See the editorial policy.

Preliminary Technical Classification
This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

Request Manufacturing Insight for Anode

Thank you. Your request has been sent. We'll respond within 1–3 business days.
Sorry, we couldn't send your message. Please try again, or email us at [email protected].
XOR Gate
Get QuotesChat