Editorial Technical Reference

Tungsten-Rhenium Target Disk

This page explains how Tungsten-Rhenium Target Disk is classified within Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

A specialized rotating disk within medical X-ray tube anode assemblies that generates X-rays through electron bombardment.

Representative product image. Confirm appearance and specifications with the manufacturer.

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Tungsten-Rhenium Target Disk

Definition
The Tungsten-Rhenium Target Disk is a critical rotating component in medical X-ray tube anode assemblies. It serves as the focal point where high-energy electrons strike, converting kinetic energy into X-ray radiation through bremsstrahlung and characteristic radiation processes. This disk is specifically engineered to withstand extreme thermal loads and mechanical stresses during X-ray generation in medical imaging applications. The disk is typically made of a tungsten-rhenium alloy with a rhenium content of 3–10% by weight, which enhances ductility and thermal shock resistance compared to pure tungsten. Standard dimensions include an outer diameter of 70–120 mm and a thickness of 1.5–3.0 mm, with a density of 19.2–19.5 g/cm³. Surface roughness is maintained at ≤0.8 μm Ra, flatness ≤0.05 mm, and parallelism ≤0.03 mm to ensure proper electron beam focus and heat dissipation. The maximum operating temperature is 2500–2800 °C, with thermal conductivity of 60–90 W/(m·K) and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 4.5–5.5 ×10⁻⁶/K, which matches molybdenum stems to reduce thermal stress. The disk weighs between 0.2 and 0.8 kg and is designed to operate at rotational speeds of 3000–10000 rpm. These parameters are typical for X-ray tube anodes and must be verified for specific models. The disk is a component used in medical imaging equipment, and its performance is critical for consistent X-ray output. Buyers should confirm model-specific values and applicable standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier.
Working Principle
When high-voltage electrons from the cathode strike the rotating Tungsten-Rhenium Target Disk, their kinetic energy is converted into X-ray photons through bremsstrahlung (braking radiation) and characteristic radiation. The rotation distributes heat across the disk surface, preventing localized overheating and melting. The tungsten-rhenium alloy provides high atomic number for efficient X-ray production and enhanced thermal/mechanical properties.
Common Materials
Tungsten-Rhenium alloy (typically 90-97% W, 3-10% Re)
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Outer Diameter70–120 mmStandard sizes for X-ray tube anodes
Thickness1.5–3.0 mmAffects thermal capacity and mechanical strength
Rhenium Content3–10 %Higher rhenium improves ductility and thermal shock resistanceASTM B760
Density19.2–19.5 g/cm³Near theoretical density for optimal X-ray generationASTM B760
Surface Roughness≤0.8 μm RaCritical for electron beam focus and heat dissipationISO 4287
Flatness≤0.05 mmEnsures uniform thermal contact and rotation balanceISO 1101
Parallelism≤0.03 mmMaintains consistent X-ray outputISO 1101
Maximum Operating Temperature2500–2800 °CTungsten-rhenium withstands high anode temperatures
Thermal Conductivity60–90 W/(m·K)Higher values improve heat dissipationASTM E1225
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion4.5–5.5 ×10⁻⁶/KMatching with molybdenum stem reduces thermal stressASTM E831
Weight0.2–0.8 kgDepends on size and thickness
Rotational Speed3000–10000 rpmMust withstand centrifugal forces at high speed

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Focal Track
    Primary surface where electrons strike to generate X-rays, featuring optimized geometry for heat distribution
    Material: Tungsten-Rhenium alloy
  • Molybdenum Core/Base Part
    Structural support and thermal interface between target disk and rotor assembly
    Material: Molybdenum or molybdenum alloy
  • Bonding Layer Part
    Metallurgical bond between tungsten-rhenium focal track and molybdenum base
    Material: Brazing alloy (typically copper-based or silver-based)

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
pressure: High vacuum environment (10^-4 to 10^-6 Torr) required for X-ray tube operation
other spec: Maximum rotational speed: 10,000 RPM (typical), Electron beam power density: Up to 1 kW/mm²
temperature: Up to 3000°C (operating surface temperature during electron bombardment)
Media Compatibility
✓ High vacuum environments ✓ Medical X-ray tube assemblies ✓ Electron bombardment applications
Unsuitable: Oxidizing atmospheres at high temperatures (causes rapid degradation of tungsten-rhenium alloy)
Sizing Data Required
  • Required X-ray output power (kW)
  • Anode cooling system capacity (heat dissipation rate)
  • Target focal spot size and geometry requirements

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Thermal fatigue cracking
Cause: Repeated thermal cycling during high-energy particle bombardment leads to differential expansion stresses, particularly at grain boundaries in the tungsten-rhenium alloy, eventually causing microcracks that propagate under cyclic loading.
Surface spallation and erosion
Cause: High-velocity particle impacts and intense localized heating cause material vaporization and ejection from the surface, exacerbated by the high operating temperatures that reduce material strength and promote grain boundary weakening.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Visible surface discoloration or localized melting spots indicating uneven thermal loading or cooling system failure
  • Audible popping or cracking sounds during operation suggesting thermal stress relief or material fracture events
Engineering Tips
  • Implement controlled ramp-up/ramp-down procedures to minimize thermal shock, using temperature monitoring to ensure the target stays within the alloy's optimal thermal gradient tolerance during operation cycles.
  • Establish regular surface inspection and profilometry measurements to detect early erosion patterns, combined with periodic annealing treatments (when feasible) to relieve accumulated thermal stresses and restore material ductility.

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
ASTM B760 - Standard Specification for Tungsten Plate, Sheet, and Foil DIN 17007-1 - Materials for electrical engineering; materials for vacuum technology

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • Diameter: +/-0.05mm
  • Surface Roughness: Ra ≤ 0.8μm
Quality Inspection
  • Ultrasonic Testing for internal defects
  • X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Analysis for alloy composition

Manufacturers of Tungsten-Rhenium Target Disk

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the typical rhenium content in the Tungsten-Rhenium Target Disk?

The rhenium content is typically 3–10% by weight, as listed in the directory. This range improves ductility and thermal shock resistance compared to pure tungsten.

What are the standard dimensions of this target disk?

The outer diameter ranges from 70 to 120 mm, and the thickness from 1.5 to 3.0 mm. These are typical values for X-ray tube anodes and should be confirmed for the specific model.

What is the maximum operating temperature of the disk?

The maximum operating temperature is 2500–2800 °C. This allows the disk to withstand the extreme thermal loads during X-ray generation.

Which standards are referenced for this product?

The directory lists ASTM B760 for rhenium content and density, ISO 4287 for surface roughness, ISO 1101 for flatness and parallelism, ASTM E1225 for thermal conductivity, and ASTM E831 for coefficient of thermal expansion. These are verification references, not proof of certification.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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