X-Capacitor: Temperature Range -40°C to +110°C

Q: What is the difference between X1 and X2 class capacitors?

X1 capacitors withstand higher impulse voltages (≥2.5kV) for industrial applications with severe transients. X2 capacitors (≤1.2kV impulse) are for general-purpose equipment with moderate transients.

Q: Can X-Capacitors be used without safety certifications?

No. Using uncertified capacitors in across-the-line positions violates safety regulations (IEC/UL) and risks fire from dielectric breakdown during voltage surges.

Q: How do X-Capacitors differ from Y-Capacitors?

X-Capacitors are placed line-to-neutral for differential-mode noise. Y-Capacitors are line-to-ground or neutral-to-ground for common-mode noise and require higher safety isolation.

Component Specifications

Definition

An X-Capacitor is a specialized film or ceramic capacitor designed for across-the-line applications in EMI/RFI filters. It is safety-certified to withstand high-voltage transients and prevent short-circuit failures that could cause fire or electric shock. Positioned between line and neutral conductors, it attenuates differential-mode noise by providing a low-impedance path for high-frequency interference while blocking mains frequency. Rated for continuous operation at mains voltages (typically 250VAC to 310VAC) with impulse withstand voltages up to several kilovolts.

Working Principle

Operates by shunting high-frequency differential-mode noise (between line and neutral) to ground or neutralizing it through capacitive reactance (Xc = 1/(2πfC)). At high frequencies, the capacitor's low impedance diverts interference away from sensitive circuits, while at mains frequency (50/60Hz), its high impedance prevents excessive current flow. Self-healing metallized film construction allows recovery from minor dielectric breakdowns.

Materials

Metallized polypropylene film (MKP) or ceramic dielectric (Class X1/Y2). Electrodes: vacuum-deposited aluminum/zinc. Encapsulation: Flame-retardant epoxy resin (UL94 V-0 rated). Leads: tinned copper wire. Optional: internal fuse protection.

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Tolerance	±10% to ±20%
Capacitance	100pF to 10μF
Safety Class	X1 (high impulse), X2 (standard)
Rated Voltage	250VAC to 310VAC
Impulse Voltage	2.5kV to 4kV (X1), ≤1.2kV (X2)
Temperature Range	-40°C to +110°C
Dissipation Factor	<0.001 at 10kHz
Insulation Resistance	≥10,000 MΩ

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Standards

IEC 60384-14, UL 60384-14, EN 60384-14, GB/T 6346

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

EMI Filter

A passive electronic component designed to suppress electromagnetic interference (EMI) in industrial electrical systems.

View Product Details

Power Line Filter(s)

Electrical component that suppresses electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) from power lines

View Product Details

Input Filter

An electrical component that filters and conditions the incoming AC power before it reaches the rectifier stage of an AC-DC converter.

View Product Details

Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation

Dielectric breakdown from voltage surges
Fire hazard if non-safety-rated capacitor used
Leakage current exceeding limits
Thermal runaway at high temperatures
Mechanical damage cracking dielectric

FMEA Triads

Trigger: Overvoltage transients exceeding rated impulse voltage
Failure: Dielectric puncture leading to short circuit
Mitigation: Use X1 class for high-surge environments; incorporate varistors or gas discharge tubes for surge suppression

Trigger: Excessive ripple current causing internal heating
Failure: Thermal degradation of dielectric, capacitance drift
Mitigation: Select capacitors with adequate ripple current rating; ensure proper ventilation in filter assembly

Trigger: Moisture ingress due to poor encapsulation
Failure: Reduced insulation resistance, leakage current increase
Mitigation: Use epoxy-encapsulated versions for humid environments; conformal coating on PCB

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Typical Suppliers & Equivalents

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance

Capacitance tolerance ±10% to ±20%; impulse test per IEC 60384-14

Test Method

High-potential test (2U+1000VAC for 60s); impulse voltage test (specified pulses); flammability test (UL94); endurance test (1000h at rated voltage)

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

A practical evidence checklist for RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation

Request current drawings, revision history, and a signed specification sheet.

Manufacturing capability

Verify equipment lists, process limits, capacity, and representative production evidence.

Inspection readiness

Confirm test methods, calibrated equipment, sampling plans, and traceable reports.

Supplier transparency

Check the legal entity, factory address, ownership, certifications, and direct contacts.

CNFX does not score or rank suppliers. Buyers must verify all claims and documents with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Manufacturers of X-Capacitor

Manufacturer profiles associated with X-Capacitor.

Sourcing X-Capacitor from China?

Tell us your specification and target quantity — we will match it against manufacturer records and come back with the factories that fit.

Request manufacturers We manufacture this

Manufacturer listings support early research and capability understanding. They are not certification, ranking, or transaction guarantees.

Related Components

Contact Plate

A conductive plate in motor terminal blocks that establishes electrical contact between conductors.

Marking Strip

A durable marking strip used for terminal identification in motor terminal blocks to ensure proper electrical connections and safety compliance.

Gland Body

A gland body is the main housing component of an aluminum cable gland that provides mechanical protection and environmental sealing for electrical cables entering enclosures.

Current Sense Resistor

A precision resistor used to measure current flow in electrical circuits by converting current to a measurable voltage drop.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between X1 and X2 class capacitors?

X1 capacitors withstand higher impulse voltages (≥2.5kV) for industrial applications with severe transients. X2 capacitors (≤1.2kV impulse) are for general-purpose equipment with moderate transients.

Can X-Capacitors be used without safety certifications?

No. Using uncertified capacitors in across-the-line positions violates safety regulations (IEC/UL) and risks fire from dielectric breakdown during voltage surges.

How do X-Capacitors differ from Y-Capacitors?

X-Capacitors are placed line-to-neutral for differential-mode noise. Y-Capacitors are line-to-ground or neutral-to-ground for common-mode noise and require higher safety isolation.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records. See the editorial policy.

Preliminary Technical Classification

This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

X-Capacitor

Component Specifications

Parent Products

EMI Filter

Power Line Filter(s)

Input Filter

Engineering Analysis

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Typical Suppliers & Equivalents

Compliance & Inspection

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

Manufacturers of X-Capacitor

Related Components

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between X1 and X2 class capacitors?

Can X-Capacitors be used without safety certifications?

How do X-Capacitors differ from Y-Capacitors?

Data Basis

Request Manufacturing Insight for X-Capacitor