Ball Screw / Linear Actuator – Precision Component for X-Axis Rails & Drive Systems

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Ball screw or linear actuator

Definition

This ball screw or linear actuator is a critical drive component within X-Axis Rails & Drive systems, providing precise linear positioning and movement control. It translates the rotational force from a motor into smooth, accurate linear displacement along the rail axis. The component is designed for machinery and equipment manufacturing applications where controlled linear motion is essential. It is available in a range of specifications to suit different load and accuracy requirements. The nominal diameter ranges from 16 to 80 mm, and the lead (distance per revolution) ranges from 5 to 40 mm, both conforming to ISO 3408. Accuracy grades from C3 to C7 are offered, with C3 for high precision and C7 for general use. Dynamic load ratings range from 10 to 120 kN, and static load ratings from 20 to 250 kN, both per ISO 3408. Maximum travel speed is 60 to 120 m/min, and repeatability is ±0.005 to ±0.02 mm. Operating temperature range is -20 to 80 °C. Ingress protection ratings from IP54 to IP65 are available for dusty or wet environments. The shaft material is typically hardened and ground bearing steel or alloy steel, such as GCr15 or 40Cr, per GB/T 18254. The nut material is carburized for surface hardness, using grades like GCr15 or 20CrMnTi, also per GB/T 18254. Weight ranges from 2 to 50 kg/m depending on diameter and length. These values are directory reference ranges and must be confirmed for the actual model and application. Always verify model-specific values and standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier.

Working Principle

The ball screw operates by using recirculating ball bearings that roll between the screw shaft and the nut. This rolling contact minimizes friction compared to sliding contact, allowing the conversion of rotational torque into linear force with high mechanical efficiency and positional accuracy. As the screw rotates, the balls transfer the motion to the nut, which moves linearly along the shaft. The recirculation system ensures continuous operation by returning the balls to the load path. This design enables precise control of linear displacement, making it suitable for applications requiring accurate positioning and smooth movement.

Common Materials

Bearing steel, Alloy steel, Stainless steel

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Nominal Diameter	16–80 mm	Determines load capacity and stiffness.ISO 3408
Lead	5–40 mm	Affects speed and resolution.ISO 3408
Accuracy Grade	C3–C7	C3 for high precision, C7 for general use.ISO 3408
Dynamic Load Rating	10–120 kN	Basis for life calculation.ISO 3408
Static Load Rating	20–250 kN	Maximum load without permanent deformation.ISO 3408
Maximum Travel Speed	60–120 m/min	Limited by critical speed and nut design.
Repeatability	±0.005–±0.02 mm	Critical for positioning applications.
Operating Temperature	-20–80 °C	Lubricant and material limits.
Shaft Material	GCr15–40Cr	Hardened and ground for wear resistance.GB/T 18254
Nut Material	GCr15–20CrMnTi	Carburized for surface hardness.GB/T 18254
Weight	2–50 kg/m	Depends on diameter and length.

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM

Screw shaft Part
Rotating component with helical raceway that drives the ball nut

Material: Hardened alloy steel
Ball nut
Contains recirculating ball bearings that engage with screw raceway

Material: Bearing steel
Ball bearings Part
Precision balls that roll between screw and nut to reduce friction

Material: Chrome steel
Return system
Channels that recirculate balls through the nut assembly

Material: Steel or plastic

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

X-Axis Rails & Drive

View system integration details

Manufacturers of Ball screw or linear actuator

Manufacturer profiles associated with Ball screw or linear actuator.

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Compiled and source-reviewed by the CNFX editorial team. Each manufacturer above links to the page on that company's own website where the product is listed, with the date we checked it. How we source and review · Page last updated 16 September 2026

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the typical applications of this ball screw?

This component is used in machinery and equipment manufacturing where precise linear positioning is required, such as in CNC machines, automation systems, and X-axis rail drives. It converts rotary motion from a motor into linear motion with high accuracy.

How do I select the right accuracy grade?

Accuracy grades range from C3 to C7. C3 is for high-precision applications like precision machining, while C7 is for general-purpose use where lower cost is acceptable. The required grade depends on the positioning tolerance of your application.

What maintenance is required?

Regular lubrication is essential to maintain performance and extend life. Check for wear on the balls and raceways, and monitor for increased backlash or noise. Operating temperature should stay within -20 to 80 °C. Follow the manufacturer's maintenance schedule.

What are the failure boundaries?

Failure can occur if the load exceeds the static or dynamic load ratings, to permanent deformation or fatigue. Operating above the maximum travel speed may cause vibration or damage. Ingress of contaminants can reduce life; use appropriate IP ratings. Always verify limits with the manufacturer.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification

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pressure:	Not applicable (mechanical component, not fluid pressure)
other spec:	Maximum axial load: 5-500 kN depending on size, Maximum speed: 1-3 m/s, Accuracy grade: C0-C10 per ISO 3408
temperature:	-40°C to +120°C (standard), up to +200°C with special seals/lubrication

Ball screw or linear actuator

Product Specifications

Applied To / Applications

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards