Editorial Technical Reference

Vacuum Gauge

This page explains how Vacuum Gauge is classified within Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

A precision instrument that measures and displays the pressure level within a vacuum system.

Representative product image. Confirm appearance and specifications with the manufacturer.

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Vacuum Gauge

Definition
A vacuum gauge is a critical monitoring component within vacuum systems that quantitatively measures the degree of vacuum (pressure below atmospheric) in a sealed chamber or system. It provides essential feedback for process control, system integrity verification, and operational safety across various industrial and scientific applications. The gauge operates by converting a physical property change caused by residual gas into an electrical signal calibrated to display pressure. Different measurement principles are employed depending on the pressure range: Pirani gauges use thermal conductivity for medium vacuum, capacitance diaphragm gauges (CDG) use mechanical deflection for low to medium vacuum, and cold cathode (Penning) or hot cathode (ionization) gauges use gas ionization for high to ultra-high vacuum. Typical specifications include a measuring range from 1e-5 to 1e5 Pa, accuracy of ±0.2% of reading for capacitance type, resolution of 0.1 Pa for digital models, response time ≤50 ms, operating temperature -20 to 60 °C, storage temperature -40 to 85 °C, supply voltage 24 V DC ±10%, power consumption ≤2 W, output signal 4-20 mA (two-wire loop powered), ingress protection IP54 to IP65 per IEC 60529, process connection DN16 to DN50 per ISO-KF, wetted parts material 316L per ASTM A240 (optional Hastelloy), and weight 0.5 to 1.2 kg depending on configuration. Materials on file include stainless steel for housing, glass or ceramic for sensor envelope, tungsten or iridium for hot cathode filament, and special alloys for diaphragm. These values are directory reference ranges; verify model-specific specifications and standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier before procurement.
Working Principle
Vacuum gauges operate on different principles depending on the pressure range. Common types include: Pirani gauges (thermal conductivity for medium vacuum), capacitance diaphragm gauges (CDG, mechanical deflection for low to medium vacuum), cold cathode (Penning) or hot cathode (ionization) gauges (gas ionization for high to ultra-high vacuum). Each type converts a physical property change caused by the residual gas into an electrical signal calibrated to display pressure.
Common Materials
Stainless Steel (housing), Glass or Ceramic (sensor envelope), Tungsten or Iridium (filament for hot cathode), Special Alloys (diaphragm)
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Measuring Range1e-5–1e5 PaCovers from rough to high vacuum
Accuracy±0.2 % of readingFull scale accuracy for capacitance type
Resolution0.1 PaDisplay resolution for digital models
Response Time≤50 msTime to reach 90% of final value
Operating Temperature-20–60 °CElectronics; sensor may differ
Storage Temperature-40–85 °CNon-condensing environment
Supply Voltage24 ±10% V DCReverse polarity protected
Power Consumption≤2 WAt nominal supply voltage
Output Signal4–20 mATwo-wire loop powered
Ingress ProtectionIP54–IP65Depends on housing optionIEC 60529
Process ConnectionDN16–DN50 mmFlange size optionsISO-KF
Material316LWetted parts; optional HastelloyASTM A240
Weight0.5–1.2 kgDepending on configuration

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Sensor Head/Transducer
    The core element that physically interacts with the vacuum environment to generate a signal proportional to pressure.
    Material: Varies by type (e.g., tungsten filament, metal diaphragm, cathode grid)
  • Electronics/Controller Unit
    Processes the raw signal from the sensor, applies calibration, and generates the output for display or system control.
    Material: PCB, electronic components
  • Display or Interface Part
    Presents the measured pressure value to the user, either via a local digital/analog display or through the output signal to an external controller.
    Material: Glass, plastic, LEDs
  • Housing/Enclosure Part
    Protects internal components from the environment and provides structural integrity and mounting points.
    Material: Stainless steel, aluminum

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
pressure: 1x10^-9 Torr to 1000 Torr (full scale range), 0.1% FS accuracy
other spec: Response time: <100 ms, Power: 24 VDC ±10%, Output: 0-10 VDC or 4-20 mA
temperature: -20°C to +60°C (operating), -40°C to +85°C (storage)
Media Compatibility
✓ Clean dry gases (N2, Ar, He) ✓ High vacuum processes (PVD, CVD) ✓ Laboratory vacuum systems
Unsuitable: Corrosive/condensing environments with acids, bases, or moisture above dew point
Sizing Data Required
  • Required pressure measurement range (Torr/mbar)
  • System vacuum level and ultimate pressure
  • Compatibility with process media and cleanliness requirements

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Sensor drift
Cause: Contamination from process fluids or particulates affecting the sensing element, leading to inaccurate readings.
Electrical connection failure
Cause: Corrosion or vibration-induced wear on wiring or connectors, disrupting signal transmission.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Erratic or fluctuating readings on the gauge display, indicating potential sensor instability.
  • Audible arcing or buzzing from the gauge housing, suggesting electrical issues or imminent failure.
Engineering Tips
  • Implement regular calibration checks against a reference standard to detect and correct drift early.
  • Ensure proper sealing and use clean, dry instrument air for purging (if applicable) to prevent contamination ingress.

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
ISO 3567:2011 - Vacuum gauges - Calibration by direct comparison with a reference gauge ANSI/ASME B40.100 - Pressure Gauges and Gauge Attachments DIN 28400 - Vacuum technology; terms and definitions

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • Pressure reading accuracy: +/-1% of full scale
  • Leak rate: <1×10⁻⁹ mbar·L/s
Quality Inspection
  • Helium leak detection test
  • Calibration verification against NIST-traceable standards

Manufacturers of Vacuum Gauge

3 companies list this product among what they make. Company figures are quoted from each company's own website; every card states where the relationship came from.

Beijing Super Q Technology Co., LTD.
Beijing, CN
Also makes: Vacuum Chamber, Vacuum Valve, Vacuum Pump and 1 more
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Htc vacuum
Taiwan, CN
Also makes: Butterfly Valve, Vacuum Chamber, Poppet/Valve and 9 more
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
NINGBO BEILUN GC-BOB INSTRUMENT CO.,LTD.
Ningbo, Zhejiang, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources

Manufacturer listings support early research and capability understanding. They are not certification, ranking, or transaction guarantees.

Technical documentation
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Manufacturing capability
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Inspection readiness
Confirm test methods, calibrated equipment, sampling plans, and traceable reports.
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Frequently Asked Questions

What pressure ranges can this vacuum gauge measure?

The directory reference range is 1e-5 to 1e5 Pa, covering rough to high vacuum. However, the actual measurable range depends on the specific measurement principle and model configuration. Always confirm the exact range with the manufacturer for your application.

What are the available output signal options?

The standard output signal is 4-20 mA, two-wire loop powered. This analog signal is commonly used for integration with control systems. Verify compatibility with your system's input requirements.

What process connections are available?

The process connection options are DN16 to DN50 per ISO-KF flange standards. These are common vacuum flange sizes. Ensure the gauge's connection matches your vacuum system's port.

What materials are used for wetted parts?

The wetted parts are typically made of 316L stainless steel per ASTM A240, with optional Hastelloy for enhanced corrosion resistance. Confirm the material compatibility with your process gases and environment.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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