Editorial Technical Reference

Antenna Array

This page explains how Antenna Array is classified within Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

A group of multiple antenna elements arranged in a specific pattern to enhance signal reception and transmission capabilities.

Representative product image. Confirm appearance and specifications with the manufacturer.

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Antenna Array

Definition
Within a Surface Locator/Receiver system, the antenna array is the critical component responsible for detecting and receiving electromagnetic signals from subsurface targets. It consists of multiple individual antenna elements arranged in precise geometric configurations to improve directionality, gain, and signal-to-noise ratio for accurate location and identification of buried objects or geological features. The array is designed to operate across a frequency range of 0.5–18 GHz, covering L to Ku bands, with a gain of 15–30 dBi depending on the number of elements. Its beamwidth, defined as the half-power beamwidth, ranges from 5 to 60 degrees, and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is maintained at ≤2.0 over the operating band. Polarization can be specified as linear or circular at the time of order, and the standard RF impedance is 50 Ω. The array can handle average power levels of 10–100 W and operates within a temperature range of -40 to 85 °C. For outdoor use, it offers ingress protection ratings of IP54 to IP67 per IEC 60529. The radiating elements and substrate are typically made of aluminum and FR-4, with overall dimensions (maximum length or diameter) ranging from 100 to 500 mm and weight from 0.5 to 5 kg. These specifications are reference ranges and must be confirmed for the specific model and application. The antenna array is a component intended for integration into larger systems; it is not a standalone product. Verification of model-specific values and standards should be conducted with the legal manufacturer or supplier.
Working Principle
The antenna array operates by combining signals from multiple antenna elements through constructive and destructive interference patterns. By controlling the phase and amplitude of signals at each element, the array can electronically steer its beam direction, focus energy in specific directions, and reject interference from unwanted sources, enabling precise signal detection and spatial resolution. This principle allows the array to achieve high gain and narrow beamwidth, improving the system's ability to locate subsurface targets accurately.
Common Materials
Copper, Aluminum, FR-4 (Fiberglass Epoxy), Polymer Composites
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Operating Frequency Range0.5–18 GHzCovers L to Ku bands
Gain15–30 dBiDepends on number of elements
Beamwidth5–60 degHalf-power beamwidth
VSWR≤2.0Over operating band
PolarizationLinear or circularSpecify at order
Impedance50 ΩStandard RF impedance
Power Handling10–100 WAverage power
Operating Temperature-40–85 °CFull performance range
Ingress ProtectionIP54–IP67Outdoor useIEC 60529
MaterialAluminum / FR4Radiating elements and substrate
Dimensions100–500 mmMax length or diameter
Weight0.5–5 kgDepends on size and materials

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Antenna Element Part
    Individual radiating/receiving unit that converts electromagnetic waves to electrical signals
    Material: Copper
  • Feed Network
    Distributes signals to/from individual antenna elements with controlled phase and amplitude
    Material: Copper, FR-4
  • Ground Plane Part
    Provides electrical reference and improves radiation pattern
    Material: Aluminum
  • Mounting Structure Part
    Mechanical support and alignment of array elements
    Material: Aluminum Alloy

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Antenna Array.

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
pressure: Atmospheric to 1.5 bar
other spec: Frequency Range: 400 MHz to 6 GHz, VSWR: <1.5:1, Gain: 10-20 dBi
temperature: -40°C to +85°C
Media Compatibility
✓ Outdoor telecom environments ✓ Radar systems ✓ Satellite communication links
Unsuitable: High-corrosion marine splash zones without protective coating
Sizing Data Required
  • Operating frequency band
  • Required beamwidth and gain
  • Physical installation constraints

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Corrosion-induced signal degradation
Cause: Environmental exposure to moisture, salt, or chemicals leading to corrosion of metallic components, connectors, or radomes, resulting in increased signal attenuation and impedance mismatches.
Mechanical fatigue of mounting structures
Cause: Cyclic wind loading, vibration, or thermal expansion/contraction causing stress concentrations, leading to cracks or loosening in brackets, fasteners, or support arms, potentially resulting in misalignment or collapse.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Significant increase in Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) readings beyond specified limits, indicating impedance mismatches or internal damage.
  • Visible physical misalignment, sagging, or unusual movement of antenna elements during wind or manual inspection, suggesting structural integrity issues.
Engineering Tips
  • Implement regular thermographic inspections to detect hotspots indicating corrosion, loose connections, or water ingress before catastrophic failure.
  • Establish a predictive maintenance program using vibration analysis and strain gauges on mounting structures to monitor fatigue and schedule interventions before critical failure.

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
ANSI C63.4 Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions CE Directive 2014/53/EU Radio Equipment Directive

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • Element Spacing: +/-0.5mm
  • Phase Alignment: +/-2 degrees
Quality Inspection
  • Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) Testing
  • Environmental Stress Screening (ESS)

Manufacturers of Antenna Array

Manufacturer profiles associated with Antenna Array.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the operating frequency range of this antenna array?

The antenna array operates from 0.5 to 18 GHz, covering L to Ku bands. This is a reference range; the exact frequency range for a specific model should be confirmed with the manufacturer.

What is the typical gain and beamwidth?

The gain ranges from 15 to 30 dBi depending on the number of elements, and the half-power beamwidth is between 5 and 60 degrees. These values are indicative and vary with configuration.

What are the environmental ratings?

The array is rated for operating temperatures from -40 to 85 °C and offers ingress protection from IP54 to IP67 per IEC 60529 for outdoor use. Confirm the specific rating for your application.

What materials are used in construction?

The radiating elements and substrate are typically made of aluminum and FR-4. Other materials like copper and polymer composites may be used, but the standard configuration uses aluminum and FR-4.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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