Clock Generator / PLL

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Clock Generator / PLL

Definition

A Clock Generator/PLL (Phase-Locked Loop) is a critical component within Communication Interface ICs that produces stable, precise clock signals and synchronizes them with reference signals. It ensures proper timing and data integrity in digital communication systems by generating multiple clock frequencies, reducing jitter, and maintaining phase alignment between transmitter and receiver circuits. The device typically operates over an output frequency range of 1–2000 MHz, with a supply voltage of 1.8–3.3 V, and consumes 10–500 mW depending on output frequency and load. Phase noise ranges from -100 to -150 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset, and RMS jitter is 0.1–5 ps, critical for high-speed serial links. The operating temperature range is -40 to 85 °C (industrial grade, per IEC 60068-2-1/2). Output logic levels include LVCMOS, LVPECL, LVDS, and HCSL, selectable per interface requirement. Frequency stability is ±10 to ±100 ppm, including temperature and aging effects. Lock time after power-up is 1–10 ms. Package types include QFN, TSSOP, and BGA, with 1–8 outputs for system clock distribution. ESD rating is ±2000 to ±4000 V (human body model, per IEC 61340-3-1). The primary material is silicon. These values are directory reference ranges; actual specifications must be confirmed with the legal manufacturer or supplier for the specific model and application.

Working Principle

The PLL circuit compares the phase of a reference clock signal with the phase of its output signal using a phase detector. Any phase difference generates an error voltage that adjusts a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to match frequencies. The feedback loop continuously corrects phase and frequency errors, producing a stable output clock synchronized to the reference. This closed-loop mechanism ensures that the output clock maintains a fixed phase relationship with the input reference, minimizing jitter and drift. The VCO's frequency is controlled by the error voltage, and the loop filter determines the dynamic response, balancing lock time and stability. In communication systems, this synchronization is essential for data sampling and recovery, ensuring that transmitter and receiver operate at the same timing reference.

Common Materials

Silicon

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Output Frequency Range	1–2000 MHz	Covers common communication clock rates
Supply Voltage	1.8–3.3 V	Typical for low-power ICs
Power Consumption	10–500 mW	Depends on output frequency and load
Phase Noise	-100–-150 dBc/Hz @ 1 MHz offset	Lower is better for signal integrity
Jitter (RMS)	0.1–5 ps	Critical for high-speed serial links
Operating Temperature Range	-40–85 °C	Industrial gradeIEC 60068-2-1/2
Output Logic Levels	LVCMOS, LVPECL, LVDS, HCSL	Select per interface requirement
Frequency Stability	±10–±100 ppm	Includes temperature and aging
Lock Time	1–10 ms	Time to achieve phase lock after power-up
Package Type	QFN, TSSOP, BGA	Footprint and thermal performance vary
Number of Outputs	1–8	Multiple outputs for system clock distribution
ESD Rating	±2000–±4000 V (HBM)	Human body modelIEC 61340-3-1

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM

Phase Detector
Compares phase difference between reference and feedback signals

Material: Silicon
Voltage-Controlled Oscillator
Generates output clock signal with frequency controlled by input voltage

Material: Silicon
Loop Filter
Filters phase detector output to control VCO response

Material: Silicon

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Communication Interface ICs

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Manufacturers of Clock Generator / PLL

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the output frequency range of this Clock Generator/PLL?

The directory lists a reference output frequency range of 1–2000 MHz, covering common communication clock rates. The actual range depends on the specific model and configuration; always verify with the manufacturer's datasheet.

What supply voltage does it require?

The typical supply voltage range is 1.8–3.3 V, suitable for low-power ICs. Confirm the exact voltage requirements for your chosen part, as operation outside this range may affect performance.

How does the PLL reduce jitter?

The phase-locked loop continuously compares the output phase to the reference and adjusts the VCO to minimize phase error. This feedback mechanism reduces jitter, with RMS jitter values as low as 0.1 ps, critical for high-speed serial links.

What output logic levels are available?

The device supports LVCMOS, LVPECL, LVDS, and HCSL output logic levels. Selection depends on the interface requirements of your system; consult the datasheet for compatibility and termination guidelines.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification

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jitter:	< 1 ps RMS (typical)
voltage:	1.8V to 3.3V supply range
phase noise:	< -150 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset
temperature:	-40°C to +125°C (industrial grade)
frequency range:	1 MHz to 2.5 GHz output

Product Specifications

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