Editorial Technical Reference

Power-on-Reset (POR) / Brown-Out Detector (BOD)

This page explains how Power-on-Reset (POR) / Brown-Out Detector (BOD) is classified within Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

A circuit that monitors power supply voltage to ensure proper system initialization and prevent operation during unstable power conditions.

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Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Power-on-Reset (POR) / Brown-Out Detector (BOD)

Definition
The Power-on-Reset (POR) / Brown-Out Detector (BOD) is a critical component within the Power Management Unit that monitors the system's power supply voltage. The POR function generates a reset signal when power is initially applied, ensuring the system starts from a known state. The BOD function continuously monitors voltage levels during operation, detecting when voltage drops below a safe threshold (brown-out) and triggering corrective actions such as reset or shutdown to prevent data corruption or erratic behavior. This component is used in a wide range of electronic systems, from microcontrollers to complex digital systems, where reliable power-up and stable operation are essential. The circuit typically operates over a supply voltage range of 1.0–5.5 V, with a threshold voltage adjustable between 0.8–4.5 V, and a threshold accuracy of ±1.5%. Quiescent current is low, ranging from 0.5 to 10 µA, making it suitable for battery-powered applications. The reset timeout period can be set from 1 to 200 ms, and the device is designed to operate over an ambient temperature range of -40 to 85 °C. It also features supply voltage glitch immunity of 100–500 ns, ensuring that brief voltage transients do not cause false resets. Output types include push-pull or open-drain, and common packages are SOT-23, SC-70, and SOT-143. The ESD rating, according to IEC 61000-4-2, is ±2 to ±8 kV (human body model). When selecting a POR/BOD, engineers must verify the specific threshold voltage, reset timeout, and output type required for their application, as well as confirm the exact values with the manufacturer. The device is fabricated using semiconductor silicon, metal interconnects, and dielectric materials. Always consult the datasheet and the legal manufacturer for model-specific parameters and compliance with relevant standards.
Working Principle
The circuit uses voltage reference sources and comparators to monitor the power supply voltage. During power-up, when the voltage rises above a threshold, the POR circuit releases the reset signal after a delay. During operation, if the voltage drops below a predetermined threshold, the BOD circuit activates, generating a reset or interrupt signal to protect the system. The threshold voltage is set by internal or external resistors, and the reset timeout period is determined by an internal timer or external capacitor. The circuit is designed to ignore short voltage glitches (100–500 ns) to avoid false resets, but will respond to sustained brown-out conditions.
Common Materials
Semiconductor silicon, Metal interconnects, Dielectric materials
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Supply Voltage Range1.0–5.5 VOperating range for the POR/BOD circuit.
Threshold Voltage0.8–4.5 VVoltage at which reset is triggered.
Threshold Accuracy±1.5 %Accuracy of the threshold voltage.
Quiescent Current0.5–10 µACurrent consumption in standby.
Reset Timeout Period1–200 msDuration of reset pulse after voltage recovery.
Operating Temperature Range-40–85 °CAmbient temperature range for reliable operation.
Supply Voltage Glitch Immunity100–500 nsMaximum duration of voltage glitch that will not trigger reset.
Output TypePush-Pull or Open-DrainSelect based on interface requirements.
Package TypeSOT-23, SC-70, SOT-143Common packages for POR/BOD ICs.
ESD Rating±2–±8 kVHuman body model (HBM) ESD withstand voltage.IEC 61000-4-2

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Voltage Reference Part
    Provides stable reference voltage for comparison with power supply
    Material: Semiconductor
  • Comparator Circuit
    Compares power supply voltage against reference thresholds
    Material: Semiconductor
  • Delay Circuit
    Provides timing delay for POR reset release
    Material: Semiconductor
  • Output Driver
    Generates reset or interrupt signals to the system
    Material: Semiconductor

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Power-on-Reset (POR) / Brown-Out Detector (BOD).

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
temperature: -40°C to +125°C (typical industrial range)
response time: 1µs to 100µs (typical detection delay)
voltage range: 1.8V to 5.5V (typical supply monitoring range)
quiescent current: 100nA to 10µA (typical power consumption)
trip voltage accuracy: ±1% to ±3% (typical)
Media Compatibility
✓ Embedded microcontroller systems ✓ Battery-powered IoT devices ✓ Automotive electronic control units
Unsuitable: High-voltage power distribution systems (>50V)
Sizing Data Required
  • Required trip voltage threshold(s)
  • Maximum acceptable detection delay time
  • Available supply voltage range

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Threshold Voltage Drift
Cause: Aging of semiconductor components due to thermal cycling and prolonged exposure to high temperatures, leading to shifts in the reference voltage that trigger incorrect reset behavior.
False Triggering or Missed Detection
Cause: Noise coupling from adjacent power lines or switching circuits, insufficient decoupling capacitors, or improper PCB layout causing transient voltage spikes that either falsely trigger resets or fail to detect actual brown-out conditions.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Frequent, unexplained system resets or lock-ups during normal operation, indicating potential BOD/POR malfunction.
  • Visible damage on the IC package (e.g., discoloration, cracks) or audible high-frequency noise from the power supply circuit, suggesting voltage instability or component stress.
Engineering Tips
  • Implement robust PCB design practices: use dedicated ground planes, place decoupling capacitors (e.g., 100nF ceramic) as close as possible to the BOD/POR IC pins, and route power traces away from noisy signals to minimize electromagnetic interference.
  • Regularly monitor and log system voltage levels and reset events; perform periodic functional testing of the BOD/POR circuit under controlled brown-out simulations to verify threshold accuracy and response time before field deployment.

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
IEC 60747-14: Semiconductor devices - Part 14: Semiconductor sensors - Power-on-reset and brown-out detectors CE marking: Compliance with EU EMC Directive 2014/30/EU and Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • Threshold voltage accuracy: +/- 2% of nominal value
  • Response time: +/- 10% of specified delay
Quality Inspection
  • Electrical parameter verification test (VDD ramp-up/down, hysteresis, timing)
  • Environmental stress screening (temperature cycling, humidity testing)

Manufacturers of Power-on-Reset (POR) / Brown-Out Detector (BOD)

Manufacturer profiles associated with Power-on-Reset (POR) / Brown-Out Detector (BOD).

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between POR and BOD?

POR (Power-on-Reset) generates a reset signal when power is first applied, ensuring the system starts from a known state. BOD (Brown-Out Detector) continuously monitors the supply voltage during operation and triggers a reset or interrupt if the voltage drops below a safe threshold, preventing erratic behavior.

What supply voltage range is typical for these components?

The typical supply voltage range is 1.0–5.5 V, but the exact range depends on the specific model. Always check the datasheet for the exact operating range.

How is the threshold voltage set?

The threshold voltage is often set internally or via external resistors. It can be adjusted within a range (e.g., 0.8–4.5 V) depending on the device. The threshold accuracy is typically ±1.5%.

What is the significance of the reset timeout period?

The reset timeout period is the duration of the reset pulse after voltage recovery. It ensures the system has stable power before starting. Typical values range from 1 to 200 ms, and the required value depends on the system's startup time.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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