INDUSTRY COMPONENT

Code Disk / Scale

A precision optical or magnetic disk used in rotary encoders to convert angular position into digital signals for motion control systems.

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Component Specifications

Definition
A code disk, also known as a scale or encoder disk, is a critical component in rotary encoders that features precisely patterned tracks (optical, magnetic, or capacitive) on its surface. As it rotates with a shaft, these patterns are read by sensors to generate electrical pulses corresponding to angular displacement, enabling accurate position, speed, and direction measurement in automated machinery.
Working Principle
The disk rotates with a shaft, and its patterned tracks (alternating transparent/opaque segments for optical, magnetic poles for magnetic types) pass between a light source/sensor pair or magnetic sensor. This creates a series of pulses as the disk turns. The pulse count determines position, while phase relationships between multiple tracks indicate direction. High-resolution disks may include incremental tracks for fine measurement and absolute tracks for unique position identification.
Materials
Optical disks: glass (borosilicate) or polymer (polycarbonate, acrylic) with chrome or photoresist coating for patterning. Magnetic disks: steel or alloy substrates with magnetized coatings. High-end applications may use ceramics or composites for thermal stability.
Technical Parameters
  • Max RPM 5,000 to 12,000
  • Accuracy ±1 arc-minute to ±30 arc-seconds
  • Diameter 10mm to 300mm
  • Linearity ±0.01% to ±0.1%
  • Resolution 100 to 65,536 pulses per revolution (PPR)
  • Track Count 1 to 12+ tracks
  • Operating Temperature -40°C to +120°C
Standards
ISO 16063, DIN 32712, IEC 60068

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Code Disk / Scale.

encoder disk rotary encoder scale optical encoder disk magnetic encoder disk position sensing disk precision measurement disk industrial encoder component Code Disk / Scale Code Disk / Scale in Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Encoders

A device that converts the angular position or linear displacement of a shaft or axis into an analog or digital signal.

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Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation
  • Pattern degradation from wear or contamination
  • Mechanical deformation from thermal stress or impact
  • Signal interference in electromagnetic environments
  • Mounting misalignment causing measurement errors
FMEA Triads
Trigger: Contamination accumulation on optical surfaces
Failure: Signal dropout or erroneous pulse generation
Mitigation: Implement sealed encoder housings, regular cleaning protocols, use of protective coatings
Trigger: Thermal expansion mismatch between disk and shaft
Failure: Pattern distortion and measurement inaccuracy
Mitigation: Select materials with compatible thermal coefficients, incorporate thermal compensation in design
Trigger: Vibration-induced micro-movement at mounting interface
Failure: Eccentric rotation causing periodic error
Mitigation: Precision mounting with appropriate fasteners, use of anti-vibration materials, dynamic balancing

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Interchangeable Parts

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance
Radial runout: ≤0.01mm, Axial runout: ≤0.005mm, Pattern alignment: ±0.5°
Test Method
Laser interferometry for geometric accuracy, optical comparator for pattern verification, environmental chamber testing for thermal performance

Buyer Feedback

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"The technical documentation for this Code Disk / Scale is very thorough, especially regarding technical reliability."

"Reliable performance in harsh Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing environments. No issues with the Code Disk / Scale so far."

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between incremental and absolute code disks?

Incremental disks have uniform patterns that generate pulses for relative position measurement, requiring a reference point. Absolute disks have unique patterns for each position, providing immediate position data without homing.

How do environmental factors affect code disk performance?

Temperature changes can cause material expansion/contraction affecting accuracy. Contamination (dust, oil) can obscure optical patterns or interfere with magnetic fields. Vibration may cause reading errors or mechanical damage.

What maintenance do code disks require?

Regular cleaning of optical surfaces with appropriate solvents, inspection for physical damage or wear, verification of mounting integrity, and periodic calibration checks against reference standards.

Can I contact factories directly?

Yes, each factory profile provides direct contact information.

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