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Lower Tool (Die) Component – Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing

Component Specifications

Definition

The lower tool, commonly called a die, is a precision-engineered stationary component in metal plate bending machines that provides the forming surface against which the metal plate is pressed by the upper punch. It determines the final bend angle, radius, and geometry of the workpiece through controlled deformation.

Working Principle

Works on the principle of three-point bending: the metal plate is positioned over the die opening, and the upper punch applies force downward, causing the plate to bend into the die's V-shaped or U-shaped cavity. The die supports the plate at two points while the punch applies pressure at the center, creating precise plastic deformation.

Materials

Typically made from high-strength tool steels (e.g., AISI D2, AISI O1, or 42CrMo4) with hardness of 58-62 HRC, often hardened and tempered. For high-wear applications, carbide inserts or surface coatings like TiN or CrN may be applied.

Technical Parameters

Length Standard 835 mm, custom up to 6000 mm
Die Angle 30°, 45°, 90° (standard)
Surface Finish Ra ≤ 0.8 μm
Tonnage Rating Up to 2000 tons
Shoulder Radius 0.5-20 mm
Opening Width (V-die) 4-200 mm

Standards

ISO 9010, DIN 55202, ISO 12165

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Lower Tool (Die).

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Metal Plate Bending Machine

Industrial machine for bending metal plates into angular shapes

View Product Details

Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation

Tool wear leading to dimensional inaccuracies
Improper alignment causing asymmetric bends
Overloading beyond tonnage rating causing tool fracture
Material springback affecting final angle

FMEA Triads

Trigger: Excessive tonnage or material thickness
Failure: Die fracture or permanent deformation
Mitigation: Adhere to machine tonnage limits and material specifications; use overload protection systems.

Trigger: Abrasive materials or high cycle counts
Failure: Wear on die shoulders affecting bend radius
Mitigation: Use hardened tool steels with wear-resistant coatings; implement regular inspection and maintenance schedules.

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Interchangeable Parts

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance

±0.1 mm on critical dimensions, ±0.25° on bend angles per ISO 9010

Test Method

Coordinate measuring machine (CMM) verification, bend angle measurement with protractors or laser scanners, hardness testing per ISO 6508

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

Not customer reviews or live demand data. These dimensions support RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation

4/5

Manufacturing capability

4/5

Inspection readiness

5/5

Supplier transparency

3/5

These scores are example evaluation dimensions, not real customer ratings, country-specific buyer feedback, or live inquiry activity.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a V-die and a U-die?

V-dies create sharp bends with defined angles (typically 30°-90°), while U-dies produce rounded bends with larger radii, suitable for thicker materials or specific geometries.

How do I select the correct die opening width?

Die opening is typically 6-8 times the material thickness for mild steel. For example, a 3 mm plate requires an 18-24 mm V-opening. Consult machine manufacturer guidelines for specific materials.

Can I contact factories directly?

Yes, each factory profile provides direct contact information.

Data Basis

CNFX manufacturer profiles, technical classification, publicly available product information, and ongoing plausibility checks.

Preliminary Technical Classification

This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

Lower Tool (Die)