Linear Guide / Slide

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Linear Guide / Slide

Definition

A linear guide, also known as a linear slide, is a precision mechanical component that enables smooth, low-friction linear motion along a fixed path. It is a critical part in insertion mechanisms, where it ensures precise, repeatable movement of insertion tools or components. The guide consists of a rail and a sliding block (carriage) that moves along it with minimal friction, providing accurate positioning and stable motion during insertion operations. The rail is typically mounted to a machine base, while the carriage carries the load and moves along the rail. The interaction between the rail and carriage is facilitated by rolling elements, which reduce friction and allow for high precision and load capacity. The linear guide is available in various sizes and configurations to suit different application requirements. Key parameters include rail width (15–65 mm), rail length (100–4000 mm), dynamic load rating (5–120 kN per ISO 14728-1), static load rating (10–250 kN per ISO 14728-2), accuracy grade (C1–C5 per ISO 14728-2), running parallelism (0.003–0.023 mm over 1000 mm travel per ISO 14728-2), maximum travel speed (60–300 m/min), operating temperature (-20 to 80 °C), lubrication (grease or oil), seal type (standard or contact), and mounting hole pitch (60–120 mm). Materials commonly used include carbon steel, stainless steel, and alloy steel. These values are reference ranges and must be verified for the specific model and application with the legal manufacturer or supplier. The linear guide is designed for applications requiring precise linear motion, such as in automated assembly, packaging, and machine tools. Proper selection involves considering load, speed, accuracy, and environmental conditions. Maintenance includes regular lubrication and inspection of seals and rolling elements. Failure signs include increased friction, noise, or loss of accuracy, indicating wear or contamination. The guide's performance is bounded by its load ratings and operating conditions; exceeding these limits can lead to premature failure.

Working Principle

The linear guide operates by utilizing rolling elements, such as balls or rollers, positioned between the rail and the sliding block. These rolling elements convert sliding friction into rolling friction, significantly reducing resistance and enabling smooth, precise linear motion. The rolling elements circulate within the block, allowing continuous movement along the rail's length. This design provides high load capacity and stiffness while maintaining low friction. The carriage is designed with recirculating ball or roller paths, ensuring that the elements return to the load zone after passing through the non-load zone. This recirculation enables the guide to handle long travel distances without loss of performance. The precision of the guide is determined by the accuracy of the rail and carriage surfaces, as well as the uniformity of the rolling elements. The system's performance is influenced by factors such as preload, lubrication, and seal effectiveness. Proper installation and alignment are critical to achieving the specified accuracy and load capacity.

Common Materials

Carbon steel, Stainless steel, Alloy steel

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Rail Width	15–65 mm	Determines load capacity and stiffness
Rail Length	100–4000 mm	Custom lengths available
Dynamic Load Rating	5–120 kN	For L=100 km lifeISO 14728-1
Static Load Rating	10–250 kN	Maximum allowable load at restISO 14728-2
Accuracy Grade	C1–C5	C1 highest precisionISO 14728-2
Running Parallelism	0.003–0.023 mm	Over 1000 mm travelISO 14728-2
Maximum Travel Speed	60–300 m/min	Depends on lubrication and seal
Operating Temperature	-20–80 °C	Continuous operation
Lubrication	Grease or oil	Grease for most applications
Seal Type	Standard or contact	Contact seals for harsh environments
Mounting Hole Pitch	60–120 mm	Depends on rail size

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM

Rail Part
Fixed track that provides the linear path for motion, typically mounted to the machine frame

Material: Hardened steel
Sliding Block/Carriage
Moving component that travels along the rail, contains rolling elements and mounting points for the load

Material: Steel alloy
Rolling Elements Part
Balls or rollers that circulate between rail and block to enable smooth motion with minimal friction

Material: Chrome steel or ceramic
End Caps Part
Seals at the ends of the block that retain lubricant and prevent contamination

Material: Plastic or rubber
Seals/Wipers Part
Protect the rolling elements from dust, chips, and other contaminants

Material: Rubber or polyurethane

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Insertion Mechanism

View system integration details

Manufacturers of Linear Guide / Slide

Manufacturer profiles associated with Linear Guide / Slide.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the typical accuracy grade for a linear guide?

The accuracy grade ranges from C1 to C5, as per ISO 14728-2. C1 is the highest precision grade. The specific grade required depends on the application's positioning accuracy needs. Always verify the actual grade with the manufacturer for the chosen model.

How do I select the right linear guide for my application?

Selection involves determining the required load capacity (dynamic and static), travel speed, accuracy, and environmental conditions. Refer to the reference ranges for rail width, length, load ratings, and speed. Consult the manufacturer's technical data to confirm that the chosen guide meets your specific requirements.

What maintenance does a linear guide require?

Regular lubrication is essential, using grease or oil as specified. Inspect seals and rolling elements periodically for wear or contamination. Replace worn parts as needed. Follow the manufacturer's maintenance schedule to ensure optimal performance and longevity.

What are common signs of failure in a linear guide?

Increased friction, unusual noise, or loss of positioning accuracy are common indicators of wear, contamination, or insufficient lubrication. If these occur, inspect the guide and address the root cause. Operating beyond the rated load or speed limits can also lead to premature failure.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification

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pressure:	Max 10 MPa (100 bar) static load capacity, varies by size and type
other spec:	Max speed: 5 m/s, Acceleration: 0-5 m/s², Repeatability: ±0.01 mm, Life expectancy: 10,000 km travel distance
temperature:	-20°C to +80°C (standard), -40°C to +120°C (special variants)

Product Specifications

Applied To / Applications

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Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

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Compliance & Manufacturing Standards