Particulate Matter Sensor for Air Quality Monitoring

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Particulate Matter Sensor

Definition

This particulate matter (PM) sensor is a specialized electronic component designed for integration into indoor air quality monitoring systems, such as smart home air quality monitors. It detects and measures airborne particle concentrations in three size fractions: PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10. The sensor operates on the principle of light scattering: a semiconductor laser diode or LED illuminates particles passing through an optical chamber, and a photodetector measures the intensity of scattered light. This data is processed to determine particle concentration and size distribution, enabling real-time reporting of airborne particle pollution levels for health and environmental assessment.

The sensor is engineered for compact integration, with typical dimensions of 50×40×20 mm and a weight of ≤30 g. It operates on a 5 V DC supply (±5%) with a power consumption of ≤0.5 W. The measurement range covers particle sizes from 0.3 to 10 μm, and the particle mass concentration range is 0–1000 μg/m³ for PM2.5 and PM10. Measurement accuracy is ±10% relative to a reference instrument, and the response time (to reach 90% of the final value) is ≤10 seconds. The sensor is designed to operate in temperatures from -10 to 60 °C and non-condensing humidity from 0 to 95% RH. The ingress protection rating depends on the housing design and is specified as IP30 to IP55 per IEC 60529. Digital output interfaces include UART and I2C.

Key materials include a semiconductor laser diode, photodetector, optical chamber, printed circuit board (PCB), and plastic housing. The sensor is intended for use as a component in a larger system; the actual model-specific values and standards must be verified with the legal manufacturer or supplier. The listed parameters are reference ranges for directory purposes and do not constitute a certification or guarantee of compliance. For procurement, confirm the exact specifications, applicable standards, and integration requirements with the supplier.

Working Principle

The sensor uses light scattering to detect particles. Air is drawn through an optical chamber where a laser diode or LED illuminates the particles. Photodetectors measure the intensity of scattered light at various angles. The scattered light intensity correlates with particle size and concentration. Signal processing algorithms convert the light measurements into particle counts and mass concentrations for PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10. The sensor outputs digital data via UART or I2C interfaces.

Common Materials

Semiconductor laser diode, Photodetector, Optical chamber, PCB, Plastic housing

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Measurement Range	0.3–10 μm	Particle size range detectableISO 21501-4
Particle Mass Concentration Range	0–1000 μg/m³	PM2.5 and PM10 measurement
Measurement Accuracy	±10 %	Relative to reference instrument
Response Time	≤10 s	Time to reach 90% of final value
Supply Voltage	5 ±5% V DC	Typical operating voltage
Power Consumption	≤0.5 W	At 5 V supply
Operating Temperature	-10–60 °C	Outside range may affect accuracy
Operating Humidity	0–95 %RH	Non-condensing
Ingress Protection	IP30–IP55	Depends on housing designIEC 60529
Output Interface	UART/I2C	Digital output options
Dimensions	50×40×20 mm	Typical module size
Weight	≤30 g	Lightweight for integration

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM

Laser Diode
Emits coherent light beam for particle detection

Material: Semiconductor materials (GaAs, InGaAs)
Photodetector
Detects scattered light from particles

Material: Silicon photodiode
Optical Chamber
Contains air sample and optical path for measurement

Material: ABS plastic with anti-reflective coating
Fan/Blower
Draws air sample through sensing chamber

Material: Plastic impeller with DC motor
Signal Processing Unit
Turns the scattered-light readings into PM1.0 / PM2.5 / PM10 counts and mass concentrations.
Digital Output Interface
Sends the measured concentrations to the host over UART or I2C.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What particle sizes does this sensor measure?

The sensor detects particles in the size range of 0.3 to 10 μm, and it reports concentrations for PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 fractions. The exact measurement capabilities should be confirmed with the supplier for the specific model.

What is the typical response time?

The response time, defined as the time to reach 90% of the final value, is ≤10 seconds. This allows for near real-time monitoring of particulate matter levels.

What output interfaces are available?

The sensor provides digital output via UART or I2C interfaces. These interfaces allow for easy integration with microcontrollers or other processing units in air quality monitoring systems.

What are the operating environmental limits?

The sensor is designed to operate in temperatures from -10 to 60 °C and non-condensing humidity from 0 to 95% RH. The ingress protection rating depends on the housing design and ranges from IP30 to IP55 per IEC 60529. Always verify these limits with the supplier for your specific application.

Data Basis

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Preliminary Technical Classification

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pressure:	0.9 to 1.1 atm
flow rate:	0.5 to 2.0 L/min
temperature:	-10°C to +60°C
particle size range:	0.3 to 10 μm

Particulate Matter Sensor

Product Specifications

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards