Editorial Technical Reference

Single Board Computer

This page explains how Single Board Computer is classified within Computer, Electronic and Optical Product Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

A complete computer built on a single circuit board with microprocessor, memory, input/output, and other features.

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Single Board Computer

Definition
A single board computer (SBC) is a complete computer system integrated onto a single printed circuit board (PCB). It contains a microprocessor, memory, input/output (I/O) interfaces, and other essential components required for a functional computer. Unlike traditional desktop computers with separate motherboards and expansion cards, SBCs consolidate all core computing functions into a compact, integrated design. They are commonly used in embedded systems, industrial automation, robotics, IoT devices, and educational applications due to their small form factor, low power consumption, and cost-effectiveness. This directory entry describes a generic SBC with typical specifications that must be verified for the specific model. The board is based on an ARM Cortex-A72 processor with a clock speed ranging from 1.5 to 2.0 GHz. It offers 2 to 8 GB of RAM and uses eMMC 5.1 storage. Power consumption is between 5 and 15 watts, and it operates in a temperature range of -40 to 85 °C. The board includes two Ethernet ports, four USB ports, and 40 GPIO pins. Its form factor is Pico-ITX, and it accepts a supply voltage of 9 to 36 V DC. Humidity tolerance is 10 to 90% RH (non-condensing), and the ingress protection rating is IP40 per IEC 60529, indicating indoor use only. The weight is 150 to 200 grams without a heatsink. Materials used include FR-4 PCB, silicon, copper, and plastic. These specifications are reference ranges; always confirm the exact values and standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier before procurement or integration.
Working Principle
A single board computer operates by executing instructions stored in its memory through its central processing unit (CPU). The CPU fetches instructions from memory, decodes them, and performs arithmetic, logic, control, or input/output operations. Input signals are received through various interfaces (such as USB, Ethernet, GPIO pins), processed by the CPU and associated components, and output signals are generated to control external devices or communicate data. The operating system or firmware manages hardware resources and provides an environment for running applications.
Common Materials
FR-4 PCB, Silicon, Copper, Plastic
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Processor TypeRequiredARM Cortex-A72 N/AThe specific model or architecture of the central processing unit
Clock SpeedRequired1.5–2.0 GHzOperating frequency of the processor
RAM CapacityRequired2–8 GBAmount of random access memory installed on the board
Storage TypeRequiredeMMC 5.1 N/AType of onboard storage (e.g., eMMC, SD card slot, SATA)
Power ConsumptionRequired5–15 WTypical power draw during operation
Operating TemperatureRequired-40–85 °CTemperature range within which the device operates reliably
Ethernet Ports2 countNumber of wired network interfaces
USB Ports4 countNumber of Universal Serial Bus interfaces
GPIO Pins40 countNumber of general-purpose input/output pins
Form FactorRequiredPico-ITX mmPhysical dimensions of the board
Supply Voltage9–36 V DCWide input range
Humidity10–90 % RHNon-condensing
Ingress ProtectionIP40Indoor use onlyIEC 60529
Weight150–200 gWithout heatsink

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Central Processing Unit
    Executes instructions and performs calculations for the computer system
    Material: Silicon with various metal layers
  • Memory Module
    Stores data and instructions for immediate access by the CPU
    Material: Silicon with metal interconnects
  • Power Regulation Circuit
    Converts and regulates input power to appropriate voltages for board components
    Material: Semiconductors, capacitors, inductors on PCB
  • Input/Output Interfaces Part
    Provides connectivity for external devices and communication
    Material: Copper traces, connectors, plastic housings
  • Storage Controller
    Manages data transfer between the system and storage devices
    Material: Silicon integrated circuit
  • Network Interface Controller
    Enables wired or wireless network connectivity
    Material: Silicon chip with supporting components
  • Graphics Processing Unit
    Handles image rendering and video processing
    Material: Silicon integrated circuit
  • Real-time Clock
    Maintains accurate time even when main power is off
    Material: Quartz crystal, integrated circuit, battery
  • Cooling System
    Dissipates heat generated by electronic components
    Material: Aluminum, copper, thermal paste
  • Expansion Headers Part
    Provides connection points for additional modules or peripherals
    Material: Copper pins, plastic housing

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Single Board Computer.

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
pressure: N/A (atmospheric operation only)
other spec: Humidity: 5-95% non-condensing, Vibration: 5-50Hz at 0.1g, Shock: 50g peak (11ms duration)
temperature: -40°C to +85°C (industrial grade), -20°C to +70°C (commercial grade)
Media Compatibility
✓ Industrial control cabinets ✓ Embedded kiosk systems ✓ Laboratory test equipment
Unsuitable: High-vibration mobile platforms (e.g., heavy machinery, vehicles)
Sizing Data Required
  • Required I/O interfaces (USB, Ethernet, GPIO count)
  • Processing performance needs (CPU cores, clock speed)
  • Memory/storage requirements (RAM, flash storage capacity)

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Thermal stress-induced solder joint failure
Cause: Cyclic thermal expansion/contraction from power cycling or inadequate cooling, leading to micro-cracking in BGA/CSP solder balls.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage to ICs
Cause: Improper handling during installation/maintenance without ESD protection, or inadequate PCB shielding in harsh environments, causing latent or catastrophic component failure.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Intermittent system crashes or boot failures under load (indicative of thermal or power delivery issues)
  • Visible bulging/leaking capacitors or burnt components on the PCB
Engineering Tips
  • Implement active cooling with thermal interface materials and environmental monitoring to maintain operating temperature within manufacturer specifications.
  • Use conformal coating on the PCB and ensure proper grounding/ESD protocols during all handling to protect against moisture and electrical damage.

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
CE Marking (EU Directive 2014/35/EU - Low Voltage Directive) IPC-A-610 (Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies)

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • PCB Dimensional Tolerance: +/-0.2mm
  • Component Placement Accuracy: +/-0.1mm
Quality Inspection
  • Automated Optical Inspection (AOI)
  • In-Circuit Test (ICT)

Manufacturers of Single Board Computer

12 companies list this product among what they make. Company figures are quoted from each company's own website; every card states where the relationship came from.

ADLINK Technology
Taiwan, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “PICMG Single Board Computers”
View source page ↗ adlinktech.com · checked 2026-09-10
Advantech Co., Ltd.
Taiwan, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Embedded Single Board Computers”
View source page ↗ advantech.com · checked 2026-09-02
ARBOR Technology
Taiwan, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Single Board Computers (SBC)”
View source page ↗ arbor-technology.com · checked 2026-09-03
Boardcon Technology Limited
Guangdong, CN
Also makes: Smartphones, CPU Module
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Single board computer”
View source page ↗ boardcon.com · checked 2026-08-30
Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.
Chengdu, Sichuan, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “single-board computer”
View source page ↗ cdebyte.com · checked 2026-09-06
Espressif Systems
Shanghai, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Development Boards”
View source page ↗ espressif.com · checked 2026-09-08
FBelec
Dongguan, Guangdong, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “DIY and Hobbyist Development Boards”
View source page ↗ fbelec.com · checked 2026-08-28
Geniatech
Shenzhen, Guangdong, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Single Board Computer”
View source page ↗ geniatech.com · checked 2026-08-26
GNS Components Limited
Hong Kong, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Development Board Demoboard”
View source page ↗ ictransistors.com · checked 2026-08-28
Hercules Microelectronics
Beijing, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “HME-H Development Board”
View source page ↗ en.hercules-micro.com · checked 2026-09-09
HOTHMI
Guangdong, CN
Also makes: LCD Display Module, Display Module, HMI Display and 2 more
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “C8051 Development board”
View source page ↗ hothmi.com · checked 2026-08-30
IESP Technology Co., Ltd.
Shenzhen, Guangdong, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “single board computer”
View source page ↗ iesptech.com · checked 2026-08-27
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Frequently Asked Questions

What is a single board computer (SBC)?

An SBC is a complete computer system integrated onto a single printed circuit board, containing a microprocessor, memory, I/O interfaces, and other essential components. It is used in embedded systems, industrial automation, robotics, IoT, and education.

What are the typical specifications for this SBC?

Typical specifications include an ARM Cortex-A72 processor, clock speed 1.5-2.0 GHz, 2-8 GB RAM, eMMC 5.1 storage, 5-15 W power consumption, operating temperature -40 to 85 °C, two Ethernet ports, four USB ports, 40 GPIO pins, Pico-ITX form factor, supply voltage 9-36 V DC, humidity 10-90% RH, IP40 rating, and weight 150-200 g. Always verify with the manufacturer.

What materials are used in this SBC?

The materials on file include FR-4 PCB, silicon, copper, and plastic. These are common materials for circuit boards and enclosures.

How should I verify the specifications before purchasing?

Contact the legal manufacturer or supplier to confirm the exact model's specifications, including processor type, memory, storage, power requirements, environmental limits, and compliance with standards like IEC 60529. This directory provides reference ranges only.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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