Editorial Technical Reference

Bending Magnet

This page explains how Bending Magnet is classified within Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

A magnetic component that deflects and controls the path of charged particle beams in a linear accelerator.

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Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Bending Magnet

Definition
In a Medical Linear Accelerator, the bending magnet is a critical component that precisely deflects and steers the high-energy electron beam along the desired trajectory within the accelerator structure. It ensures the beam is properly directed toward the treatment head for accurate radiation delivery to tumor targets. The bending magnet operates by generating a strong, uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the electron beam's direction. According to the Lorentz force law, charged particles moving through this magnetic field experience a force that causes them to follow a curved path, allowing precise control of beam direction and focusing. This component is typically constructed with laminated silicon steel cores, copper windings, and insulation materials to ensure efficient magnetic performance and thermal management. Key parameters include magnetic field strength (0.5–1.5 T), field uniformity (±0.1%), pole gap (20–100 mm), coil current (10–100 A), coil voltage (24–120 V DC), cooling water flow (5–20 L/min), operating temperature (10–40 °C), cooling water temperature (15–30 °C), insulation class (F–H per IEC 60085), protection rating (IP54–IP65 per IEC 60529), core material (DT4C–DT4E per GB/T 6983), coil material (T2–T3 per GB/T 5231), and weight (50–500 kg). These values are reference ranges and must be verified for the specific model and application. The bending magnet is a component, not a standalone system, and its performance is verified through magnetic field mapping and beam tests. Maintenance signals include abnormal temperature rise, cooling water flow reduction, or changes in beam trajectory. Failure boundaries include magnetic field degradation, coil insulation breakdown, or mechanical misalignment. Always confirm model-specific values and standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier.
Working Principle
The bending magnet generates a strong, uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of the electron beam. According to the Lorentz force law, charged particles (electrons) moving through this magnetic field experience a force that causes them to follow a curved path, allowing precise control of beam direction and focusing. The field strength and uniformity are critical for accurate beam deflection.
Common Materials
Laminated silicon steel, Copper windings, Insulation materials
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Magnetic Field Strength0.5–1.5 TDetermines beam deflection angle
Field Uniformity±0.1 %Critical for beam quality
Pole Gap20–100 mmDetermines beam aperture
Coil Current10–100 AAdjusts field strength
Coil Voltage24–120 V DCPower supply compatibility
Cooling Water Flow5–20 L/minPrevents overheating
Operating Temperature10–40 °CAffects magnetic stability
Cooling Water Temperature15–30 °CMaintains coil temperature
Insulation ClassF–HThermal endurance of coilIEC 60085
Protection RatingIP54–IP65Dust and water resistanceIEC 60529
Core MaterialDT4C–DT4EHigh permeability, low coercivityGB/T 6983
Coil MaterialT2–T3High conductivity copperGB/T 5231
Weight50–500 kgAffects handling and installation

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Magnet Core Part
    Provides the magnetic circuit and determines field shape and strength
    Material: Laminated silicon steel
  • Coil Windings Part
    Carry electrical current to generate the magnetic field
    Material: Copper conductor with insulation
  • Cooling System
    Removes heat generated by electrical resistance in the coils
    Material: Stainless steel tubing, water
  • Magnetic Pole Pieces Part
    Shape and concentrate the magnetic field in the beam path region
    Material: Low-carbon steel

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
pressure: Atmospheric to 10^-9 Torr (vacuum compatible)
other spec: Magnetic field strength: 0.1 to 2.0 Tesla, Beam energy: 1 MeV to 10 GeV
temperature: -40°C to +150°C (operational range, with cooling required above 50°C)
Media Compatibility
✓ High vacuum environments ✓ Electron/proton beams ✓ Ultra-high purity inert gas atmospheres
Unsuitable: Corrosive chemical environments or conductive particle contamination
Sizing Data Required
  • Beam energy and particle type (electron/proton/ion)
  • Required bending angle and radius
  • Available space constraints and magnetic field uniformity requirements

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Coil insulation breakdown
Cause: Thermal cycling and overheating due to excessive current or poor cooling, leading to insulation degradation and short circuits.
Magnetic field degradation
Cause: Mechanical stress and misalignment from vibration or thermal expansion, causing pole face damage or gap variation that reduces field uniformity and strength.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Audible arcing or buzzing from the magnet enclosure, indicating electrical discharge or loose connections
  • Visible discoloration or hot spots on the magnet casing, suggesting overheating or cooling system failure
Engineering Tips
  • Implement regular thermal imaging inspections to detect early-stage overheating in coils and connections before insulation failure occurs
  • Establish precision alignment and vibration monitoring protocols to maintain magnetic gap integrity and prevent mechanical stress-induced field degradation

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
ASTM A370 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products CE Marking - EU Directive 2014/68/EU for Pressure Equipment

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • Bore Diameter: +/-0.025mm
  • Magnetic Field Uniformity: +/-0.5% across pole face
Quality Inspection
  • Magnetic Field Mapping Test
  • Dimensional Verification with CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine)

Manufacturers of Bending Magnet

Manufacturer profiles associated with Bending Magnet.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary function of a bending magnet in a medical linear accelerator?

It precisely deflects and steers the high-energy electron beam along the desired trajectory within the accelerator structure, ensuring the beam is directed toward the treatment head for accurate radiation delivery.

What materials are typically used in the construction of a bending magnet?

Common materials include laminated silicon steel for the core, copper windings for the coils, and insulation materials to protect the windings.

What are the key parameters to consider when selecting a bending magnet?

Key parameters include magnetic field strength, field uniformity, pole gap, coil current, coil voltage, cooling water flow, operating temperature, insulation class, protection rating, core material, coil material, and weight. These must be verified for the specific application.

How is the performance of a bending magnet verified?

Performance is typically verified through magnetic field mapping and beam tests. It is essential to confirm model-specific values and standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier.
Data basis: editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records. See the editorial policy.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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