Orifice/Nozzle for Injection Valves

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Orifice / Nozzle

Definition

The orifice/nozzle is a critical part of an injection valve that precisely regulates the flow rate, velocity, and spray pattern of fluids being injected. It creates a controlled restriction in the flow path, converting pressure energy into kinetic energy to achieve desired injection characteristics. This component is typically manufactured from stainless steel, tungsten carbide, or ceramic to withstand demanding operating conditions. Key parameters include orifice diameter (0.5–2.0 mm), flow coefficient (0.2–0.8 Cv), operating pressure (1.0–1.6 MPa), maximum pressure (2.5 MPa), operating temperature (-40 to 85 °C), tolerance (±0.05 mm per ISO 2768-m), surface roughness (Ra 0.8–1.6 μm per ISO 1302), material (316L stainless steel per ASTM A276), hardness (HRC 40–45 per ASTM E18), and weight (0.05–0.2 kg). These values are reference ranges and must be verified for the specific model and application. The orifice/nozzle is used in various industries, including fuel injection, chemical processing, and spray systems. Proper selection requires consideration of fluid properties, required flow rate, pressure drop, and spray characteristics. Installation and maintenance should follow manufacturer guidelines. Regular inspection for wear, erosion, or clogging is essential to maintain performance. Failure to operate within specified limits may lead to reduced efficiency, leakage, or component damage. Always consult the legal manufacturer or supplier to confirm model-specific values and standards.

Working Principle

Fluid enters the orifice/nozzle under pressure, accelerates as it passes through the constricted opening, and exits with controlled velocity and direction. The geometry of the orifice/nozzle determines flow characteristics, pressure drop, and spray pattern. The pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy, enabling precise control of the injection process.

Common Materials

Stainless Steel, Tungsten Carbide, Ceramic

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Orifice Diameter	0.5–2.0 mm	Determines flow rate and spray pattern
Flow Coefficient	0.2–0.8 Cv	Affects pressure drop and capacity
Maximum Pressure	2.5 MPa	Exceeding may cause deformation
Operating Temperature	-40–85 °C	Outside range may affect sealing
Tolerance	±0.05 mm	Tighter tolerance for precise flow controlISO 2768-m
Surface Roughness	Ra 0.8–1.6 μm	Affects wear and corrosion resistanceISO 1302
Material	316L SS	Corrosion resistant for harsh mediaASTM A276
Hardness	HRC 40–45 HRC	Ensures wear resistanceASTM E18
Weight	0.05–0.2 kg	Affects handling and installation

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM

Orifice Plate
Creates the flow restriction and controls flow rate

Material: Stainless Steel
Nozzle Body
Houses the orifice and provides connection to valve

Material: Stainless Steel
Spray Tip Part
Shapes and directs the fluid spray pattern

Material: Tungsten Carbide

Application & selection

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits

pressure:	Up to 10,000 psi (690 bar)
flow rate:	0.1 to 500 GPM (0.38 to 1893 L/min)
temperature:	-40°C to 400°C (dependent on material)
slurry concentration:	Max 5% solids by weight (for standard designs)

Media Compatibility

✓ Hydraulic fluids ✓ Process chemicals ✓ Compressed gases

Unsuitable: Abrasive slurries with high solids content

Sizing Data Required

Required flow rate (GPM or L/min)
System pressure differential (psi or bar)
Fluid properties (density, viscosity)

Risk, maintenance & compliance

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause

Abrasive erosion

Cause: High-velocity flow of particulate-laden fluids causing material degradation and dimensional changes, leading to inaccurate flow measurement and potential leakage.

Cavitation

Cause: Pressure drop below vapor pressure causing bubble formation and implosion, resulting in pitting, vibration, and structural damage to the orifice/nozzle surface.

Maintenance Indicators

Audible high-frequency whistling or hissing indicating flow restriction or damage
Visible flow measurement drift exceeding ±2% from calibrated values on downstream instruments

Engineering Tips

Implement upstream filtration (≥40 micron) and regular fluid analysis to minimize particulate ingress and erosion potential
Maintain upstream pressure at least 2.5× downstream pressure to prevent cavitation, and select erosion-resistant materials (e.g., hardened stainless steel, ceramic coatings) for high-velocity applications

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards

ISO 5167: Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full ANSI/ASME MFC-3M: Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes Using Orifice, Nozzle, and Venturi DIN 1952: Flow measurement with orifice plates, nozzles and Venturi tubes in circular cross-section conduits running full

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision

Bore diameter: ±0.02 mm for critical applications
Surface finish: Ra ≤ 0.8 μm on flow surfaces

Quality Inspection

Dimensional verification with coordinate measuring machine (CMM)
Pressure testing for leak tightness and structural integrity

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

A practical evidence checklist for RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation

Request current drawings, revision history, and a signed specification sheet.

Manufacturing capability

Verify equipment lists, process limits, capacity, and representative production evidence.

Inspection readiness

Confirm test methods, calibrated equipment, sampling plans, and traceable reports.

Supplier transparency

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Manufacturers of Orifice / Nozzle

Manufacturer profiles associated with Orifice / Nozzle.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What materials are available for the orifice/nozzle?

The orifice/nozzle is available in stainless steel, tungsten carbide, and ceramic. The material choice affects wear and corrosion resistance. Verify the specific material grade with the supplier.

What is the operating pressure range?

The operating pressure is 1.0–1.6 MPa. The maximum pressure is 2.5 MPa. Always confirm the exact limits for your application.

How does orifice diameter affect performance?

Orifice diameter (0.5–2.0 mm) determines the flow rate and spray pattern. A larger diameter allows more flow but may alter the spray characteristics. Select the diameter based on your required injection parameters.

What is the operating temperature range?

The operating temperature range is -40 to 85 °C. Operating outside this range may affect sealing and performance. Verify the temperature limits with the manufacturer for your specific media.

Related equipment

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Injection Valve

View system integration details

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems

Downstream Applications

Specialized Tooling

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification

This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

Compiled and source-reviewed by the CNFX editorial team. Each manufacturer above links to the page on that company's own website where the product is listed, with the date we checked it. How we source and review · Page last updated 12 October 2026

Orifice / Nozzle