Cryogen Storage Vessel for Cryogenic Injection Systems

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Cryogen Storage Vessel

Definition

The Cryogen Storage Vessel is a critical component of the Cryogenic Injection System, responsible for safely containing and maintaining cryogenic liquids (such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, or liquid argon) at their required ultra-low temperatures. It ensures a stable supply of cryogen to the injection mechanism, featuring high-performance insulation to minimize boil-off and maintain pressure integrity. The vessel is typically constructed with an inner vessel made of austenitic stainless steel (e.g., S30408 per GB/T 24511) and an outer shell of carbon steel (e.g., Q345R per GB/T 713), with vacuum insulation (often multi-layer superinsulation) between them. The design parameters include a nominal capacity ranging from 5 to 100 m³, a design pressure of 1.0 to 1.6 MPa (per GB 150), and a design temperature range of -196°C to 50°C. The evaporation rate is specified between 0.1% and 0.5% per day, influenced by the thermal insulation thickness of 200 to 500 mm. Overall dimensions vary with capacity, typically 2000–4000 mm in diameter and 6000–12000 mm in height, with an empty weight of 5000 to 30000 kg. The vessel is designed to meet a leakage rate of ≤1×10⁻⁶ Pa·m³/s (per GB/T 18443) and maintains a vacuum degree of ≤1×10⁻² Pa. Safety features include a safety valve set pressure of 1.5–1.8 MPa (per GB/T 12243) and a burst pressure of 2.4–3.2 MPa, reflecting a safety factor of 1.5–2.0. These values are reference ranges for directory purposes; actual specifications must be confirmed with the legal manufacturer for the specific model and application. The vessel is intended for use in industrial cryogenic systems, and procurement should involve verification of compliance with applicable standards and operational requirements.

Working Principle

The vessel utilizes vacuum insulation (often multi-layer superinsulation) to create a thermal barrier, significantly reducing heat transfer from the environment. It maintains the cryogen in a liquid state through pressure control. When injection is required, the internal pressure or a pump facilitates the controlled release of the cryogen into the system's delivery lines. The vacuum jacket between the inner and outer shells minimizes conductive and convective heat transfer, while the multi-layer insulation reflects radiant heat. Pressure control is achieved via a pressure-building circuit and relief valves, ensuring the cryogen remains at its boiling point. The design must account for thermal contraction and mechanical stresses, with materials selected for cryogenic service. Regular monitoring of vacuum quality and pressure integrity is essential to prevent boil-off and ensure safe operation.

Common Materials

Stainless Steel (typically 304 or 316L), Nickel Alloy, High-Strength Aluminum Alloy

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Nominal Capacity	5–100 m³	Select based on required storage volume
Design Pressure	1.0–1.6 MPa	Higher pressure requires thicker wallsGB 150
Design Temperature	-196–50 °C	Minimum for liquid nitrogen storage
Evaporation Rate	0.1–0.5 %/day	Lower is better for long-term storage
Thermal Insulation Thickness	200–500 mm	Affects evaporation rate
Material of Inner Vessel	S30408	Austenitic stainless steel for cryogenic serviceGB/T 24511
Material of Outer Shell	Q345R	Carbon steel for structural strengthGB/T 713
Overall Dimensions (Diameter × Height)	2000–4000 × 6000–12000 mm	Varies with capacity
Empty Weight	5000–30000 kg	Consider foundation and transport
Leakage Rate	≤1×10⁻⁶ Pa·m³/s	Helium leak test requiredGB/T 18443
Vacuum Degree	≤1×10⁻² Pa	Maintained by vacuum pump
Safety Valve Set Pressure	1.5–1.8 MPa	Must be higher than design pressureGB/T 12243
Burst Pressure	2.4–3.2 MPa	Safety factor of 1.5–2.0

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM

Inner Vessel Part
Directly contains the cryogenic liquid, constructed from materials suitable for extreme low temperatures.

Material: Stainless Steel or Aluminum Alloy
Outer Jacket Part
Forms the vacuum chamber with the inner vessel, providing structural support and housing the insulation.

Material: Carbon Steel or Stainless Steel
Superinsulation Part
Multi-layer reflective insulation within the vacuum space to minimize radiative heat transfer.

Material: Aluminized Mylar
Pressure Relief Valve
A safety device that automatically releases pressure if it exceeds a safe limit.

Material: Stainless Steel
Fill/Dispense Port Part
The connection point for filling the vessel with cryogen and for connecting to the injection system's delivery line.

Material: Stainless Steel
Pressure-Building Circuit
Boils off a little cryogen to raise tank pressure so liquid can be pushed out.

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Cryogenic Injection System

View system integration details

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the typical capacity range for this cryogen storage vessel?

The nominal capacity ranges from 5 to 100 cubic meters, depending on the model. The specific capacity should be selected based on the required storage volume for your application, and confirmed with the manufacturer.

What materials are used in the construction of the vessel?

The inner vessel is typically made of austenitic stainless steel, such as S30408 per GB/T 24511, while the outer shell is carbon steel, such as Q345R per GB/T 713. Other materials like nickel alloy or high-strength aluminum alloy may be used for specific components, but these are not specified in the source facts.

How is the evaporation rate controlled?

The evaporation rate is minimized through high-performance insulation, typically vacuum insulation with multi-layer superinsulation. The thermal insulation thickness ranges from 200 to 500 mm, and the evaporation rate is specified between 0.1% and 0.5% per day. Lower rates are better for long-term storage.

What safety features are included?

The vessel includes a safety valve set pressure of 1.5–1.8 MPa (per GB/T 12243) and a burst pressure of 2.4–3.2 MPa, with a safety factor of 1.5–2.0. It also meets a leakage rate of ≤1×10⁻⁶ Pa·m³/s (per GB/T 18443) and maintains a vacuum degree of ≤1×10⁻² Pa. Always verify these parameters with the manufacturer for your specific model.

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pressure:	Up to 10 bar (typical), with ASME Section VIII Div. 1 compliance
flow rate:	0.5-50 L/min (liquid phase), depending on outlet configuration
temperature:	-196°C to -269°C (Liquid Nitrogen to Liquid Helium range)
slurry concentration:	Not applicable for pure cryogens; for cryogenic slurries: up to 30% solids by volume

Cryogen Storage Vessel

Product Specifications

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