Editorial Technical Reference

Granite Table/Base

This page explains how Granite Table/Base is classified within Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

A precision granite platform that serves as the stable reference surface and mounting base for a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM).

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Granite Table/Base

Definition
The granite table or base is a critical structural component of a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). It provides an extremely stable, flat, and vibration-dampening foundation upon which the CMM's moving bridge or gantry travels and upon which the workpiece being measured is placed. Its primary role is to ensure dimensional integrity and repeatability of measurements by minimizing thermal expansion, mechanical deflection, and environmental vibrations. The table is typically made of black granite (e.g., Gabbro) due to its low thermal expansion coefficient, high stiffness, and excellent vibration damping. Key parameters include surface flatness (0.001–0.003 mm/m per ISO 1101), surface roughness (0.4–0.8 μm Ra per ISO 4287), load capacity (500–5000 kg), operating temperature (10–40 °C), temperature stability (±0.1 °C/h), humidity range (40–60 % RH), material grade (G0–G3 per GB/T 20428), density (2.9–3.1 g/cm³), weight (500–10000 kg), and dimensions (1000×800×200 to 3000×2000×500 mm). These values are reference ranges and must be verified for the specific model and application. The granite table is a passive component; it does not contain electronics or moving parts. Its performance depends on proper installation, leveling, and environmental control. For procurement, confirm the exact specifications with the legal manufacturer or supplier, and verify compliance with relevant standards. The table's stability is crucial for accurate CMM measurements; any deviation in flatness or thermal stability can affect measurement results. Regular inspection for wear, cracks, or contamination is recommended. The table is not a standalone product; it is designed for integration into a CMM system. It is not a consumer item and requires professional handling and installation.
Working Principle
The granite table functions as a passive, ultra-stable reference plane. Its mass and the inherent properties of granite (low thermal expansion coefficient, high stiffness, excellent vibration damping) create an invariant datum. The CMM's measurement system (probe, scales, software) references all coordinate data to this fixed, geometrically true surface, ensuring that measurements of the workpiece are accurate and repeatable regardless of external disturbances. The table's flatness and stability are critical; any deformation or movement would introduce measurement errors. The table absorbs vibrations from the environment and minimizes thermal expansion, maintaining a constant reference. The workpiece is placed directly on the table or on fixtures, and the CMM's bridge moves over it, with the probe touching the workpiece to collect data points. The table's surface finish and flatness ensure that the probe's contact is consistent, and the table's mass provides inertia that resists external forces. The table is not actively controlled; it relies on its material properties and proper installation to maintain accuracy.
Common Materials
Granite (typically black granite like Gabbro or similar)
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Surface Flatness0.001–0.003 mm/mCritical for measurement accuracyISO 1101
Surface Roughness0.4–0.8 μm RaAffects probe contact and wearISO 4287
Load Capacity500–5000 kgMust support workpiece and fixture
Operating Temperature10–40 °COutside range affects dimensional stability
Temperature Stability±0.1 °C/hFor high-precision measurements
Humidity Range40–60 % RHPrevents corrosion and condensation
Material GradeG0–G3Higher grade means better flatnessGB/T 20428
Density2.9–3.1 g/cm³Affects vibration damping
Weight500–10000 kgDepends on size and thickness
Dimensions (L×W×H)1000×800×200–3000×2000×500 mmCustom sizes available

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Granite Slab Part
    The monolithic, precision-lapped stone block that forms the reference surface.
    Material: Granite
  • Leveling Feet/Adjusters
    Mechanical supports (often three or more) used to level the granite table precisely on the factory floor.
    Material: Stainless Steel or Coated Steel
  • Tapped Holes/Grid Pattern Part
    An array of threaded holes in the granite surface for mounting workpiece fixtures, clamps, or the CMM structure itself.
    Material: Steel Inserts (set into granite)
  • Vibration Isolation Pads (Optional) Optional Part
    Elastomeric pads placed under the leveling feet to further dampen floor-borne vibrations.
    Material: Rubber or Polymer

Industry Taxonomies & Aliases

Commonly used trade names and technical identifiers for Granite Table/Base.

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
pressure: N/A (static structural load only)
other spec: Maximum load capacity: 500-5000 kg (varies by size), Flatness tolerance: 0.001-0.005 mm/m², Vibration damping: Natural granite properties
temperature: 15°C to 25°C (operating), 10°C to 30°C (storage)
Media Compatibility
✓ Clean room air environments ✓ Machine shop ambient air ✓ Temperature-controlled metrology labs
Unsuitable: High humidity (>80% RH) or corrosive chemical environments
Sizing Data Required
  • CMM working volume dimensions (X,Y,Z travel)
  • Maximum weight of CMM components and workpieces
  • Required flatness tolerance and surface finish specifications

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Surface degradation and micro-cracking
Cause: Thermal cycling and uneven heating/cooling causing differential expansion stresses in the granite material, leading to surface wear and subsurface crack propagation.
Structural integrity loss and dimensional instability
Cause: Vibration-induced fatigue and improper leveling/support causing stress concentrations, resulting in permanent deformation, warping, or cracking that compromises flatness and alignment.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Visible surface pitting, flaking, or discoloration indicating material breakdown
  • Audible hollow sound when tapping the surface (indicating subsurface voids or delamination)
Engineering Tips
  • Implement strict thermal management protocols to maintain stable ambient temperatures (±1°C) and avoid direct heat sources or rapid temperature changes that induce thermal stress.
  • Use vibration-isolating mounts and perform regular precision leveling checks with laser alignment tools to ensure even load distribution and prevent stress concentration points.

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
ISO 8512-2:1990 - Granite surface plates ANSI/ASME B89.3.7-2013 - Granite surface plates DIN 876-1:1986 - Granite surface plates

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • Flatness: ≤0.01mm per 1000mm
  • Parallelism: ≤0.02mm per 1000mm
Quality Inspection
  • Flatness verification using electronic level or laser interferometer
  • Surface finish measurement using profilometer

Manufacturers of Granite Table/Base

1 company lists this product among what they make. Company figures are quoted from each company's own website; every card states where the relationship came from.

Botou Mingtu Machinery Equipment Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.
Hebei, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Metrology Grade Granite Table”
View source page ↗ mingtumachinery.com · checked 2026-08-29

Manufacturer listings support early research and capability understanding. They are not certification, ranking, or transaction guarantees.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary function of a granite table in a CMM?

The granite table provides a stable, flat, and vibration-dampening reference surface for the CMM. It supports the workpiece and serves as the datum for all measurements, ensuring accuracy and repeatability.

What are the typical flatness and roughness values for a CMM granite table?

Typical flatness is 0.001–0.003 mm/m (per ISO 1101) and surface roughness is 0.4–0.8 μm Ra (per ISO 4287). These are reference ranges; confirm exact values for your specific model.

How does temperature affect the granite table's performance?

Granite has a low thermal expansion coefficient, but temperature variations can still cause dimensional changes. The operating temperature range is 10–40 °C, with a stability of ±0.1 °C/h. Maintaining stable temperature is crucial for measurement accuracy.

What maintenance is required for a granite table?

Regular cleaning to remove debris and contaminants, periodic inspection for cracks or wear, and ensuring proper leveling and environmental control. Verify specifications with the manufacturer for specific maintenance intervals.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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