Linear Motor and Servo Motor for XY Motion Systems

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Linear Motor / Servo Motor

Definition

This product category covers linear motors and servo motors used as motion control components in XY motion systems. Linear motors produce linear motion directly via electromagnetic force, eliminating mechanical transmission parts such as ball screws or belts. Servo motors, in contrast, are rotary motors that typically convert rotary motion to linear motion through a ball screw or similar mechanism, with closed-loop feedback for high positioning accuracy. Both types are integral to precision automation equipment, including pick-and-place machines, CNC machines, and semiconductor manufacturing systems.

Key specifications for these motors include rated thrust (continuous force) ranging from 50 to 5000 N, with peak thrust up to three times that value (150–15000 N). Maximum speed is 1–5 m/s, and maximum acceleration is 10–50 m/s². Positioning accuracy is ±0.005 to ±0.02 mm, and repeatability is ±0.001 to ±0.005 mm, both measured per ISO 230-2. Supply voltage is three-phase 220–480 V AC (IEC 60038), and continuous current is 2–50 A RMS per phase. Operating temperature range is 0–40 °C, with a derating of 5% thrust per 10 °C above 40 °C (IEC 60034-1). Protection class ranges from IP54 to IP65 (IEC 60529). Cooling methods include natural, forced air, or water cooling; water cooling can increase continuous thrust by 50%. Motor length (for linear motors) or frame size (for servo motors) is 100–2000 mm, and motor mass is 1–100 kg. Feedback resolution is 0.1–1.0 µm, affecting positioning accuracy.

Materials used include copper windings, neodymium magnets, steel laminations, and aluminum housing. These motors are typically controlled by PID controllers and motion controllers, which command precise positioning, velocity, and acceleration profiles. When selecting a motor, engineers must verify that the required thrust, speed, acceleration, and accuracy match the application's demands, and confirm that the motor's electrical and environmental specifications align with the system's power supply and operating conditions. Always consult the legal manufacturer or supplier for model-specific values and standards compliance.

Working Principle

Linear motors operate on electromagnetic principles: electrical current through windings interacts with permanent magnets to generate linear force directly, without mechanical conversion. Servo motors use rotary-to-linear conversion, typically via ball screws, and incorporate position/speed feedback control. Both types rely on control systems, often PID controllers, to achieve precise positioning, velocity, and acceleration based on command signals from motion controllers. The feedback loop continuously compares actual position/speed to the commanded values and adjusts the motor's current to minimize error.

Common Materials

Copper windings, Neodymium magnets, Steel laminations, Aluminum housing

Technical Parameters

Parameter	Typical range	Notes & selection driver
Rated Thrust	50–5000 N	Continuous force at rated current; peak force is 3x.
Peak Thrust	150–15000 N	For short durations; limited by thermal and magnetic saturation.
Maximum Speed	1–5 m/s	Higher speeds reduce available thrust.
Positioning Accuracy	±0.005–±0.02 mm	With linear encoder feedback.ISO 230-2
Repeatability	±0.001–±0.005 mm	Bidirectional repeatability.ISO 230-2
Maximum Acceleration	10–50 m/s²	Depends on load and motor force.
Supply Voltage	220–480 V AC	Three-phase; tolerance ±10%.IEC 60038
Continuous Current	2–50 A	RMS per phase at rated thrust.
Operating Temperature	0–40 °C	Above 40°C derate thrust by 5%/10°C.IEC 60034-1
Protection Class	IP54–IP65	IP65 for dusty or washdown environments.IEC 60529
Cooling Method	Natural / Forced air / Water	Water cooling increases continuous thrust by 50%.
Motor Length	100–2000 mm	For linear motors; for servo motors, frame size 40–180 mm.
Motor Mass	1–100 kg	For linear motor forcer; for servo motor, total mass.
Feedback Resolution	0.1–1.0 µm	Linear encoder resolution; affects positioning accuracy.

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM

Stator/Winding assembly Part
Contains electromagnetic coils that generate magnetic fields when energized

Material: Copper windings with epoxy insulation
Mover/Forcer
Moving part containing permanent magnets that interacts with stator magnetic fields

Material: Neodymium magnets in aluminum carrier
Feedback device
Provides position/speed feedback to control system (encoder, resolver, or linear scale)

Material: Glass/steel scale with optical/ magnetic sensors
Guide system
Supports and guides linear motion with minimal friction

Material: Stainless steel rails with recirculating ball bearings
Ball Screw (servo configuration)
Converts rotary motion to linear motion in the servo-motor configuration.

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

XY Motion System

View system integration details

Manufacturers of Linear Motor / Servo Motor

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a linear motor and a servo motor?

A linear motor produces linear motion directly via electromagnetic force, eliminating mechanical transmission parts. A servo motor is rotary and typically converts rotary motion to linear motion using a ball screw or similar mechanism, with closed-loop feedback for high accuracy.

What are the typical thrust ranges for these motors?

Rated thrust (continuous force) ranges from 50 to 5000 N, with peak thrust up to three times that value (150–15000 N). Actual values depend on the specific model and application.

What positioning accuracy can be expected?

Positioning accuracy is ±0.005 to ±0.02 mm, and repeatability is ±0.001 to ±0.005 mm, both measured per ISO 230-2. These values are reference ranges; verify with the manufacturer for the specific model.

What environmental conditions are these motors rated for?

Operating temperature is 0–40 °C, with derating above 40 °C. Protection class ranges from IP54 to IP65 (IEC 60529). Always confirm the motor's suitability for your environment with the supplier.

Data Basis

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pressure:	Atmospheric (sealed units) or vacuum compatible (specific models)
other spec:	Max continuous force: 50-5000N, peak force: 2-3x continuous, acceleration: up to 30g, velocity: up to 10 m/s, positioning accuracy: ±1-5μm, repeatability: ±0.1-1μm
temperature:	0°C to +40°C

Linear Motor / Servo Motor

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