Land oil and gas drilling rigs · nominal depth by drill pipe size, maximum hook load and string weight, reeving and drilling line, drawworks and mud pump power, mast and floor height, power system
An oil drilling rig is the set of equipment that drills a well: a mast or derrick on a substructure carries the crown block, travelling block and drilling line, the drawworks hoists the drill string, a rotary table or top drive turns it, mud pumps circulate drilling fluid, blowout preventers control well pressure, and engines or generators power it all. Ask three things first: what depth and hook load class the wells need, what string weight and drilling line the hoisting system is rated for, and what pump, rotary and power capacity come with it.
Land drilling rigs for oil and gas wells, mechanical, compound (mechanical-electric) and electric (SCR or VFD) drive, skid-mounted or mobile, in the ZJ (Chinese) depth classes or equivalent. Offshore drilling units, workover rigs (a separate product page), water-well, core and DTH rigs, and individual rig components sold alone are outside this page except where compared.
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01
OSHA's oil and gas well drilling eTool describes the main rig parts: the drawworks, essentially a large winch that spools the drilling line to raise or lower the drill stem; the mast, a portable derrick erected as a unit; the crown block at the top and the travelling block that moves up and down with the drilling line reeved through both; the rotary table or a top drive that turns the drill string; the mud pump, a large reciprocating pump that circulates drilling fluid; the substructure that carries mast and drawworks; and blowout preventers at the wellhead. Rigging up covers substructure, rig floor and mast, power system, circulating system and auxiliary equipment. [1] [2]
ZPEC's land rig tables give the classes in numbers. Its electric-drive range runs from ZJ30/1700 (3,000 m nominal depth, 1,700 kN maximum rated hook load, 8 or 10 lines, 29 mm drilling line, 550 kW drawworks, two 735 kW mud pumps) through ZJ50/3150 (5,000 m, 3,150 kN, 12 lines, 35 mm line, 1,100 kW drawworks, three 1,180 kW pumps) and ZJ70/4500 (7,000 m, 4,500 kN, 12 lines, 38 mm line, 1,470 kW drawworks) to ZJ90/6750 (9,000 m, 6,750 kN, 14 lines, 45 mm line, 2,210 kW drawworks, three or four 1,620 kW pumps), with masts of 41 to 49 m, maximum hook speed of 1.5–1.65 m/s, and diesel generators of 1,200 kW each feeding SCR or VFD drives. Its skid-mounted table shows nominal depth falling with larger drill pipe, for example ZJ50 at 5,000 m on 4½ in pipe but 4,500 m on 5 in. [3]
Editorial note: depth class is nominal; ask the supplier to state the depth for your drill pipe size and well profile, and to rate the rig on hook load and string weight rather than on depth alone.
Give the supplier the well depths, profiles and hole sizes, drill pipe and casing strings (sizes and weights), maximum casing load, required hook load and setback capacity, mud pump pressure and flow, top drive needs, BOP stack size and pressure rating, power source (diesel, grid, dual fuel) and drive type, move frequency and road limits, climate, and certification (API specifications for mast, substructure and equipment).
02
An equipment-limits sheet for a ZJ70/4500DZ rig shows how the class figure breaks down: crown block and mast rated 4,500 kN maximum hook load; a maximum drill string weight of 2,200 kN; nominal depth of 4,500–7,000 m on 4½ in drill pipe but 4,000–6,000 m on 5 in; a 38 mm 6×19S IWRC drilling line with a minimum breaking force of 1,010 kN; a JC70D drawworks of 1,470 kW input with a maximum fast-line pull of 485 kN; a 45.72 m effective mast height; racking board setback for 6,600 m of 5 in pipe; and a 10.5 m drill floor on an API 4F substructure. Its top drive is rated 500 t hoisting, 7,500 psi, 750 kW and 63,000 N·m continuous torque. [4]
Editorial calculation: 4,500 kN shared across 12 lines is 4,500 / 12 = 375 kN per line before sheave friction, below the drawworks' 485 kN maximum fast-line pull. The drilling line's 1,010 kN minimum breaking force is about 1,010 / 485 ≈ 2.1 times that fast-line pull. The maximum string weight of 2,200 kN is about 2,200 / 4,500 ≈ 49% of the hook rating. Figures are from one rig's sheet; check the limits for the rig you order.
03
Suppliers linked to this page list oil drilling rigs; each card links to the page reviewed.
The listing kept covers oil drilling rigs with rig accessories, drilling tools and solids control. Other linked companies make rig components (derricks, rotary tables, cardan shafts, rig mats, manifolds, mud systems) or water-well rigs; these are hidden here as outside scope. Ask any rig supplier for a full equipment list with ratings, as in the limits sheet above.
04
This is a functional reference built from the sources cited; it is not one maker's specification.
| System | Role | Fix in the order |
|---|---|---|
| Mast and substructure | Carry hook and setback loads. [1] [4] | Hook load, height, floor height. |
| Crown and travelling blocks, drilling line | Reeve the hoisting line. [1] [3] | Lines, sheave size, line diameter. |
| Drawworks | Hoists the string. [1] [4] | Power, fast-line pull, brakes. |
| Rotary table or top drive | Turns the string. [1] [4] | Opening, torque, speed. |
| Mud pumps and circulating system | Circulate fluid. [1] [3] | Number, power, pressure. |
| Blowout preventers | Well control. [1] | Bore, pressure rating, stack. |
| Power system | Engines, generators, drives. [3] [2] | Units, kW, drive type. |
05
A drilling rig quotation needs values for your wells. The table explains each field, gives published values where a reviewed source states them, and says what to obtain from the supplier.
| Field | What it means and published values | Ask the supplier for |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum Drilling Depth (meters) | Examples: 3,000–9,000 m nominal; less with 5 in pipe. [3] | Depth for your pipe. |
| Hook Load Capacity (tons) | Examples: 1,700–6,750 kN. [3] | Hook load and string weight. |
| Mud Pump Pressure (psi) | Circulating system rating. | Pump pressure and liners. |
| Drawworks Power (horsepower) | Examples: 750–3,000 hp. [3] | Power and fast-line pull. |
| Derrick Height (meters) | Examples: 41–49 m. [3] | Working height. |
| Rated Working Pressure (MPa) | BOP and manifold rating. | Pressure rating. |
| Rotary Torque (kN·m) | Example top drive: 63 kN·m continuous. [4] | Torque and speed. |
| Top Drive Power (kW) | Example: 750 kW. [4] | Power. |
| Mud Pump Flow Rate (L/s) | Per pump and total. | Flow. |
| Operating Temperature (°C) | Climate. | Range. |
| Power Supply | Example: 1,200 kW generators, 600 V. [3] | Units and drive. |
| Mast Material Grade | Structural steel. | Grade and code. |
| Weight (Rig) (t) | Transport loads. | Loads and number. |
06
Paste it into your enquiry below or into an email to a maker, then replace every bracket.
Wells: [depths; profiles; hole sizes] Strings: [drill pipe; casing; heaviest load] Rig: [depth class; hook load; setback] Circulation: [pumps; pressure; flow] Rotation: [top drive; rotary table] Well control: [BOP size; pressure] Power: [diesel, grid; drive type] Logistics: [moves; road limits; climate]
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Product scope checked 2026-10-11
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In ZPEC's tables ZJ50 is a 5,000 m, 3,150 kN class and ZJ70 a 7,000 m, 4,500 kN class, with depth stated for a given drill pipe size. [3]
No; one ZJ70 sheet lists 4,500 kN hook load but a 2,200 kN maximum drill string weight. [4]
OSHA's glossary describes it as the rig's hoisting mechanism, a large winch spooling the drilling line. [1]
Sources checked 2026-10-12. OSHA's eTool is US government safety guidance quoting a petroleum dictionary; ZPEC publishes land rig parameter tables; the ZJ70 limits sheet is an operator's published equipment-limits document for one rig. Figures are examples for those rigs.
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