Editorial Technical Reference

Injection molding machine

Plastic parts production

Start with the mold and resin. This guide works through clamp force and injection-unit sizing, then checks a servo-hydraulic toggle machine against the mold, robot and production cycle. Its reference numbers retain their material, model and test boundaries.

CNFX editorial research · Sources checked October 10, 2026 · 4 sources

Horizontal plastic injection molding machine with take-out robot in a production workshop
Plastic parts molding workshop

01

Follow the material through the machine

Pellets enter the hopper; the screw prepares a metered melt charge, then advances to inject it through the nozzle. The clamp supports the closed mold during filling and holding. Mold cooling, opening and ejection must fit the rest of the cycle. Covestro explains the injection equipment; Tederic illustrates the toggle, injection carriage, hydraulic and control assemblies [1] [2].

Assembly / partFunction and documented construction
Hopper, screw and barrel · injection unitFeed, plasticize and meter the resin. Covestro distinguishes feed, compression and metering zones and shows a non-return valve. Screw geometry must suit the material and shot; no steel grade or coating is specified for a quoted NEO·T model in the reviewed brochure [1] [2].
Non-return valveThe valve at the screw tip separates material preparation from forward injection. Covestro's screw diagrams show this part; a replacement requires the actual injection-unit drawing, diameter and valve design, not just the machine tonnage [1].
Heated nozzle and injection carriageDeliver melt into the sprue bush and maintain nozzle contact. Covestro calls for separately controlled nozzle heating; Tederic describes twin carriage cylinders and linear guidance. Nozzle radius, aperture and alignment require a mold-interface drawing [1] [2].
Platens, tie bars and toggle · clamping unitMount the mold, guide opening/closing and transmit clamp load. Tederic shows a box-type platen, toggle linkage and moving-platen support. Mold mass and mounting dimensions need a model-specific schedule; the public brochure supplies no manufacturing part numbers or material grades [2].
Ejection and mold servicesRelease the molded part and supply the agreed mold connections. Tederic lists ejector-plate monitoring and hot-runner integration among control features; the mold's ejector pattern, core pulls and required zones still need confirmation [2].
Servo-hydraulic drive · hydraulic systemProvide controlled hydraulic motion and pressure. The NEO·T brochure describes servo control, cylinders, piping and filtration. Its 17.5 MPa response claim concerns the hydraulic system, not melt injection pressure [2].
Controller, temperature and position feedback · control systemCoordinate motion and barrel-temperature control. Tederic names Techmation/KEBA controller configurations; the delivered controller, inputs, options and software must be listed in the order [3].
Mold temperature-control circuitsRemove or supply heat through the mold. Covestro treats pump capacity, flow resistance and separate circuits as process variables. These are installation services; confirm whether temperature-control units and connections are included with the machine [1].

This functional BOM explains the machine assemblies and the parts identified in the technical sources. Quantities, manufacturing part numbers, steel grades, seal materials and replacement compatibility require the supplied model drawings and parts list.

02

Calculate clamp force from every pressure-loaded area

Covestro's March 2016 guide gives minimum clamp force [kN] = projected area [cm²] × mean cavity pressure [bar] ÷ 100. The pressure is the mean pressure in the cavity—not the machine's maximum injection-pressure setting [1].

  1. Project the whole load onto the parting plane

    Include all cavities and pressure-loaded runners. For an annulus, A = π(D² − d²)/4; use consistent dimensions. A part's surface area or bounding-box area is not automatically its projected pressure-loaded area [1].

  2. Keep the example's assumptions visible

    Four PC parts with projected area 100 cm² each give 400 cm² before adding runner area. Assuming 400 bar mean cavity pressure, 400 × 400 / 100 = 1,600 kN, about 163 tonnes-force. This is CNFX arithmetic for the parts alone; runners and actual process conditions can increase the required force.

  3. Check the mold and process before selecting a tonnage

    Covestro explains that stiffness, permitted mold breathing, geometry and filling/holding conditions affect the practical requirement. Its material-family pressures are a starting reference, not a guaranteed pressure for every current grade or mold [1].

  4. Prevent flash damage

    The guide warns that flash can press into a large hardened mold's parting plane and require re-machining. Confirm the clamping requirement with the mold designer rather than treating a calculated minimum as the final machine selection [1].

Material family in the 2016 Covestro guideGuide value for mean cavity pressure
Makrolon · PC300–500 bar [1]
Apec · PC-HT300–500 bar [1]
Bayblend · PC+ABS250–400 bar [1]
Makroblend · PC/PBT and PC/PET250–400 bar [1]
Desmopan · TPU300–700 bar; the guide notes higher values for very free-flowing grades to prevent flash [1]

03

A clamp that fits can still have the wrong injection unit

Covestro selects screw diameter against shot weight/volume, metering stroke and residence time. Its 2016 guide covers named engineering-plastic families; use the current resin grade's processing guidance for the actual purchase [1].

An oversized barrel can damage a small shot

A small shot in a large injection unit may use a short metering stroke and retain material longer. Covestro links that condition with degradation and color change. Select the injection unit for the shot and cycle even when a larger clamp is needed for mold dimensions [1].

Metering stroke
The guide recommends 1–3 screw diameters (D), with up to 4 D in exceptional cases. A stroke above 4 D can entrain air; a stroke below about 1 D raises residence-time and color/degradation concerns [1].
Mean permitted residence time
The guide gives 4–6 minutes for the discussed blends and flame-retardant grades, and 4–8 minutes for PC/PC-HT. It relates these limits to thermal sensitivity; below 4 minutes can also leave insufficient melt preparation, particularly for semi-crystalline materials. These are not universal limits for all polymers or temperatures [1].
Screw geometry
Its general screw figure shows length 18–22 D, feed zone 50–60% and compression zone 20–25%. Its text separately recommends 20–23 D three-zone screws for the named Covestro materials. Keep those scopes separate; the historical figure's EUROMAP reference does not establish current certification [1].
Larger screws and semi-crystalline materials
The guide calls for reduced flight depth above 80 mm for semi-crystalline resins. Confirm the screw drawing and resin application; a diameter alone does not define its geometry or plasticizing performance [1].

04

NEO·T's published ranges need a model-level answer

The sources do not agree on one range: Tederic's current NEO·T page shows a ≤1050 t badge and a 90–2200 t clamp-range table, while its linked brochure states 90–4000 t. Record the exact model and dated specification in the quotation; none of these labels proves which configuration is currently supplied [3] [2].

Agree a production test rather than accepting a percentage alone

For the proposed mold, resin and stable cycle, agree the sample size, shot/part-weight measure, rejects and energy boundary. Record machine energy and auxiliary loads separately. EUROMAP's catalogue distinguishes machine-related and product-related energy recommendations; its titles do not supply a test result for NEO·T [4].

Injection repeatability · brochure claim
Less than 0.5%. The brochure does not define the statistic, sample count or test resin/mold. Do not silently rename this a witnessed shot-weight acceptance result [2].
Barrel temperature · brochure claim
≤ ±1 °C. This is barrel-temperature control, not a measured cavity-temperature uniformity or finished-part tolerance [2].
Clamp and support · brochure claims
Mold-open position repeatability ≤1 mm, tie-bar load imbalance ≤4%, and up to 15% higher supported mold weight through the platen-support design. The comparative weight claim supplies no model-specific maximum mold mass [2].
Servo hydraulics · brochure claims
30–80% energy saving versus traditional hydraulics; fastest pressure response to 17.5 MPa in 28 ms. Baseline machine, cycle and measurement method are unspecified. Hydraulic system pressure is not the machine's melt-pressure rating [2].
Electric plasticizing · option
The brochure offers screw recovery while the mold moves. Confirm the actual option and overlapping cycle functions; electric plasticizing alone does not make the whole machine all-electric [2].

05

Write fourteen specification fields with their measurement basis

A quotation needs units and measurement conditions as well as values. Tederic’s reviewed brochure does not provide a complete model table for these fields; obtain the selected model’s schedule rather than filling gaps with industry averages.

Field / unitWhat to put in the quotation
Clamping force · kN or tonnes-forceForce holding the mold closed, not clamping pressure. State the machine rating and the projected-area/cavity-pressure calculation. The worked 1,600 kN example is about 163 tonnes-force before runners [1].
Injection pressure · MPa or barSpecify melt pressure for the selected screw diameter and how it is measured. Keep it separate from NEO·T's 17.5 MPa hydraulic response claim [1] [2].
Screw diameter · mmProvide the selected screw, usable shot volume, geometry and material application. Diameter, metering stroke and residence time must be checked together [1].
Maximum mold size · mmList tie-bar clearance, platen mounting dimensions, permitted mold-height range and opening/ejection travel separately. A single maximum-size label cannot prove the mold can be installed and opened [2].
Cycle time · sAgree the complete molding cycle on the stated mold/resin, including filling, holding, cooling, opening and removal. A dry-cycle figure omits the production process; EUROMAP's catalogue lists dry cycling as a separate recommendation [1] [4].
Shot weight · gState resin/grade, density basis and whether runner weight is included. Use the selected screw's shot volume as well; the same nominal volume does not imply the same shot mass for every resin [1].
Plasticizing capacity · kg/hRequest the resin, screw and temperature/test basis, then compare recovery time with the production cycle. EUROMAP lists plasticizing-capacity determination separately; no NEO·T model capacity is established here [1] [4].
Injection speed · mm/sIdentify screw advance speed and its pressure/flow conditions. Keep it separate from filling time and any hydraulic pressure-response time; the latter is not an injection-speed value [2].
Temperature-control zones · countList barrel and nozzle zones, then mold/hot-runner zones and temperature-control units separately. The brochure's hot-runner integration is a feature, not a supplied zone count [1] [2].
Heating power · kWRequest the installed heater schedule for barrel/nozzle and separately powered mold equipment. No model heater rating is provided in the reviewed brochure [2].
Power consumption · kW; energy · kWh/kgDistinguish installed connected load, measured average electrical demand and energy per production mass. Define the cycle and auxiliary equipment boundary before comparing an energy-saving claim [2] [4].
Machine weight · tRequest operating, transport and separate mold masses, plus floor loads. A relative mold-support improvement is not the machine weight or an allowable floor load [2].
Dimensions L×W×H · mObtain the installed layout with hopper/robot height, mold-handling space and service access. Confirm packing dimensions separately; the brochure offers no complete dimensional model schedule [2].
Noise level · dB(A)Specify the declared measurement method, position, operating state and auxiliary equipment included. The reviewed brochure provides no numeric acoustic result; no acceptance limit is inferred here [2].

06

Match the nozzle, mold mounting and robot interfaces separately

Covestro explains the nozzle/sprue fit; Tederic's EUROMAP mounting-hole statement covers a mechanical provision. EUROMAP lists mechanical handling interfaces and machine/robot electrical interfaces as separate recommendations [1] [2] [4].

  • Covestro recommends nozzle radius 0.5–1.0 mm smaller than the sprue-bush radius and nozzle aperture 0.5–1.0 mm smaller than the smallest sprue opening, with aligned apertures. Confirm these dimensions on the actual nozzle and mold drawing [1].
  • Check tie-bar spacing, platen hole pattern, mold height, opening travel, ejector connections and permitted mold mass against the quoted model and mold drawing [2].
  • Specify the robot mechanical mounting and the machine/robot electrical safety/control interface separately. A EUROMAP mounting pattern does not establish signal compatibility or a delivered electrical option [2] [4].
  • List mold temperature-control units, circuit connections and hot-runner/core-pull requirements. Covestro relates pump selection to circuit flow resistance; stable supply-medium temperature alone does not demonstrate stable cavity-wall temperature [1].

07

Handover needs lubrication, filtration and cooling records

Tederic describes automatic lubrication with a detector/distributor and hydraulic filtration. Covestro explains how reduced coolant flow or scaling can change mold temperature behavior despite unchanged cycle and supply-temperature settings [2] [1].

  1. Obtain the actual service schedule

    Ask for model-specific lubrication points, approved lubricant/filter specifications, alarm meanings and isolation procedures. The public brochure establishes the systems' presence, not an oil grade, filter-change interval or universal maintenance frequency [2].

  2. Record the mold's cooling baseline

    As an acceptance proposal, record each circuit's flow and temperatures with the agreed cycle. Investigate changed mold-temperature behavior against that baseline; Covestro identifies flow resistance and scaling as relevant causes, not a fixed calendar interval for every installation [1].

  3. Tie spares to the delivered assembly

    Request the screw/non-return valve/nozzle, lubrication and hydraulic parts lists by model and revision. The functional BOM above cannot establish spare-part interchangeability or an installed quantity.

08

Send the mold and resin data with the machine RFQ

Paste it into your enquiry below or into an email to a maker, then replace every bracket.

Product: injection molding machine; layout/drive type [ ]; quantity [ ]
Part/resin: drawing, grade, wall thickness, cavities, part+runner shot weight/volume [ ]
Clamp calculation: all projected pressure-loaded areas [cm²], cavity-pressure basis [bar], required force [kN]
Mold fit: tie-bar clearance, platen pattern, mold height/mass, opening and ejector travel [ ]
Injection: screw diameter/geometry, shot volume, stroke [D], melt pressure and injection-speed basis [ ]
Cycle: fill/hold/cool/recovery/removal times, resin residence limit and overlap options [ ]
Mold/robot: mechanical mounting, electrical safety/control interface, core pulls and hot-runner zones [ ]
Utilities/layout: supply and connected loads, cooling circuits/TCUs, robot height and service clearance [ ]
Acceptance: agreed resin/mold/cycle, weight-repeatability method/sample size, rejects, energy boundary [ ]
Handover: dated model table, BOM/spare references, instructions/lubrication/filtration schedule [ ]
Destination, installation/training scope and target date [ ]

See source-checked manufacturers Send an enquiry through CNFX

Manufacturers of Injection Molding Machine

Twelve linked profiles include complete plastic-machine ranges, connector/LED specialists, molds, robots and motion parts. The product scopes below distinguish their own published offerings. Reading a product page does not verify a company, certificate or delivered performance.

Tederic Machinery Co., Ltd.
Hangzhou, Zhejiang (per official site), CN

NEO·T is a toggle servo-hydraulic family. Its current page and linked brochure carry conflicting range labels; request a dated model sheet and selected screw, mold-clearance and automation options. The brochure's repeatability and energy figures are manufacturer claims with incomplete test conditions.

Product scope checked 2026-10-10

Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
View source page ↗ tedericglobal.com · recorded 2026-10-05
Yizumi Holdings Co., Ltd.
Foshan (Shunde), Guangdong, CN

Its current product navigation separates hydraulic, electric, two-platen and multicomponent machines, alongside application-specific PET/UPVC/PPR/LSR offerings. Select the family for the resin and mold; the NEO·T reference in this guide is not a Yizumi specification.

Product scope checked 2026-10-10

Stated by the company · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Alfarobot
Dongguan, Guangdong, CN

Supplies take-out, insert, runner-picking and in-mould labelling robots for injection moulding machines. Match the robot to the machine's tonnage class, mould opening and cycle.

Product scope checked 2026-10-10

Moulding automation supplier · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Robot for injection molding machine #Insert”
View source page ↗ alfarobot.com · recorded 2026-09-10
Almaco Machine Tool
Nantong, Jiangsu, CN

Its plastic injection category advertises vertical, horizontal and fast machines and links basin, fruit-crate and PET-cap applications. The broad category gives no complete model schedule or acceptance data; obtain a selected machine's mold clearance, injection unit and supplied options.

Product scope checked 2026-10-10

Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Plastic Injection Molding Machine”
View source page ↗ al-maco.com · recorded 2026-09-03
Baiya Machinery
Zhejiang, CN

Its injection-machine category specifically lists LED-lamp-housing machines and separately lists injection-blow equipment. Specify the required housing process and mold; an injection-blow machine is a different offering. The category's performance language is not a measured production test.

Product scope checked 2026-10-10

Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “LED Bulb Injection Molding Machine”
View source page ↗ baiyamachine.com · recorded 2026-09-05
BETTERTECH
Hefei, Anhui, CN

Its actual injection category lists USB/RJ45 connector molding, automatic models and a micro-injection model, alongside its wire-processing business. This establishes a specialized molding offering, not a NEO·T-equivalent horizontal toggle configuration. Obtain the selected connector/insert process and machine layout.

Product scope checked 2026-10-10

Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Injection Molding Machine”
View source page ↗ bettertechmachine.com · recorded 2026-09-06
Borun Machinery
Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, CN

The current injection category links servo-motor, high-speed, PET-preform, horizontal and plastic-spoon machines. These are different catalog options; request the actual model, resin duty and mold/injection-unit schedule rather than combining category claims into one machine.

Product scope checked 2026-10-10

Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Injection Molding Machine”
View source page ↗ borun-machinery.com · recorded 2026-09-04
Changxin Mould
Zhejiang, CN

Makes PET/PETG/PC/PP preform moulds, cap moulds and blow moulds. Confirm mould dimensions, shot weight and clamp force against the injection machine you buy.

Product scope checked 2026-10-10

Mould supplier · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “8.1 High-Speed Injection Molding Machine”
View source page ↗ changxinmould.com · recorded 2026-08-27
Anhui Yongcheng Machinery Company Limited
Anhui, CN
Also makes: Assembly Robot
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Injection molding machine components”
View source page ↗ yccn-machine.com · recorded 2026-10-11
Chen Hsong
Qinghai, CN
Also makes: Packaging Machinery
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Injection Molding Machines”
View source page ↗ chenhsong.com · recorded 2026-08-29
Chillerone
Shandong, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Injection Molding Machine”
View source page ↗ chillerone.com · recorded 2026-08-29
CN Mould
Zhejiang, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Listed there as: “Plastic Injection Molding Machine”
View source page ↗ cnmould.com · recorded 2026-08-28
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Buyer questions

How do I calculate injection molding clamping force?

Projected pressure-loaded area in cm² multiplied by mean cavity pressure in bar, divided by 100, gives kN. Include every cavity and pressure-loaded runner. Covestro's 2016 guide gives 300–500 bar for the discussed PC family; that is a reference, not the injection-pressure setting or a guarantee for every mold. [1]

What metering stroke is best?

Covestro's guide recommends 1–3 screw diameters, exceptionally up to 4 D. Above 4 D it warns about entrained air; below about 1 D it warns about longer residence and material/color damage. Match the current resin grade, shot and cycle rather than applying the guidance to all polymers. [1]

How long can PC stay in the barrel?

The March 2016 guide gives a mean permitted 4–8 minutes for PC and PC-HT, tied to thermal sensitivity. Use the current grade's temperature and processing limits; this is not a universal timer limit for every PC formulation or machine setting. [1]

What clamp range does the Tederic NEO·T cover?

The reviewed current page has a ≤1050 t badge and a 90–2200 t clamp-range table; its linked brochure says 90–4000 t. Ask Tederic for the exact model's current specification and availability. The conflicting family labels cannot establish one delivered configuration. [3] [2]

Sources and what still needs a direct check

Sources checked 2026-10-10. Standards bodies and regulations define the requirements; manufacturer pages show published ranges for those models only. CNFX does not certify products or suppliers.

  1. Covestro — Injection molding of high-quality molded parts: production equipment and machinery, COV00073564 (March 2016), pages 2–11 ↗ Material producer technical guide Return to text ↑
  2. Tederic — NEO·T toggle machine brochure, printed pages 7–14 (five PDF spreads; issue date not shown) ↗ Manufacturer brochure Return to text ↑
  3. Tederic — NEO·T product page: range labels and controller configurations ↗ Manufacturer product page Return to text ↑
  4. EUROMAP — Technical recommendation catalogue: mechanical/electrical robot interfaces, dry cycling, plasticizing and energy measurement (scope titles only) ↗ Industry association catalogue Return to text ↑

Still to check yourself

  • NEO·T's badge, current table and brochure disagree on family range. Obtain a dated model specification, including tie-bar spacing, permitted mold mass and the selected injection unit.
  • The brochure percentages lack full test methods. No witnessed repeatability, energy or cycle-time result is claimed.
  • Covestro's 2016 material-family guidance needs checking against the current resin grade and mold/process design.
  • Mechanical robot mounting does not establish electrical safety/control compatibility. Confirm the delivered option and interface documents.
  • The sources do not provide a manufacturing BOM, material grades, acoustic results or a universal maintenance schedule.
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