Liquid Injection Nozzles

Liquid injection nozzles are critical components of Venturi scrubbers, used in chemical manufacturing to atomize and distribute scrubbing liquid—typically water or a chemical solution—into the high-velocity gas stream. They create a fine mist that maximizes the contact surface area between liquid droplets and pollutant particles, facilitating efficient absorption and removal of contaminants from industrial exhaust gases. These nozzles are engineered to operate under specific pressure and flow conditions, with performance parameters such as operating pressure, flow rate, spray angle, droplet size, connection size, material, maximum operating temperature, weight, seat leakage rate, and surface finish. The materials on file include stainless steel 316L, Hastelloy C-276, ceramic, and PTFE-coated steel, each selected for corrosion resistance and durability in harsh chemical environments. The nozzles are available with various connection sizes (BSP thread, 1/2 to 2 inch) and can be configured to meet specific process requirements. It is essential to verify model-specific values and standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier, as the listed parameters are reference ranges that must be confirmed for the actual application. The operating principle relies on forcing scrubbing liquid under pressure through small orifices, creating a spray pattern that intersects with the gas stream in the Venturi throat. The high-velocity gas shears the liquid into fine droplets, promoting turbulent mixing and effective gas-liquid contact. Proper selection and maintenance of these nozzles are crucial for optimal scrubber performance, and regular inspection is recommended to ensure they are free from clogging or wear. The nozzles are designed to operate within a specified pressure range (1.0–1.6 MPa) and flow rate (5–50 m³/h per nozzle at 1.0 MPa differential), with a spray angle of 60–120 degrees and droplet size (Sauter mean diameter) of 50–500 µm at 1.0 MPa. The maximum operating temperature is 200°C for PTFE seals, and the seat leakage rate is ≤0.01% at 1.1× rated pressure. Surface finish on wetted surfaces is ≤0.8 µm Ra, per ISO 4287. These specifications are critical for ensuring reliable operation and compliance with industrial standards.

The nozzles operate by forcing scrubbing liquid under pressure through small orifices, creating a spray pattern that intersects with the gas stream in the Venturi throat. The high-velocity gas shears the liquid into fine droplets, creating the turbulent mixing necessary for effective gas-liquid contact and pollutant removal. The pressure differential across the nozzle (typically 1.0–1.6 MPa) drives the atomization process, and the resulting droplet size distribution (Sauter mean diameter 50–500 µm) is influenced by the nozzle geometry and operating conditions. The spray angle (60–120 degrees) ensures full coverage of the throat cross-section, maximizing contact between the liquid and gas phases.