INDUSTRY COMPONENT

Photodiode Array

A photodiode array is a semiconductor device consisting of multiple photodiodes arranged in a linear or matrix pattern, used for converting light signals into electrical signals in imaging applications.

Component Specifications

Definition
A photodiode array (PDA) is an integrated circuit containing multiple photodiodes arranged in a specific geometric configuration, typically linear or two-dimensional arrays. Each photodiode functions as an individual light-sensitive element that generates photocurrent proportional to incident light intensity. In image sensors, PDAs serve as the primary light detection layer, converting optical information into electrical signals that can be processed to form digital images. Key characteristics include spectral response range, quantum efficiency, dark current, response time, and pixel pitch.
Working Principle
Photodiodes operate on the principle of the photoelectric effect in semiconductor p-n junctions. When photons with sufficient energy strike the depletion region, they generate electron-hole pairs. The built-in electric field separates these charge carriers, creating a photocurrent proportional to light intensity. In array configurations, each photodiode acts as an independent pixel, with readout circuits sequentially or simultaneously measuring photocurrents to reconstruct spatial light distribution.
Materials
Silicon (Si) for visible to near-infrared range (400-1100 nm), Germanium (Ge) for infrared applications, Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) for extended infrared range, Silicon Carbide (SiC) for UV applications. Substrates typically include silicon wafers with epitaxial layers optimized for specific spectral responses.
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Pixel Pitch10-100 μm
Dark Current<1 nA/cm² at 25°C
Dynamic Range60-100 dB
Response Time1-100 ns
Spectral Range400-1100 nm (Si)
Operating Voltage5-15 V
Quantum Efficiency>80% at peak wavelength
Array ConfigurationLinear: 128-4096 elements, Area: 256x256 to 4096x4096

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Standards
ISO 12232, ISO 15739, DIN 58141, DIN EN 62471

Parent Products

This component is used in the following industrial products

Engineering Analysis

Risks & Mitigation
  • Thermal noise at high temperatures
  • Saturation from excessive light exposure
  • Crosstalk between adjacent pixels
  • Degradation from UV radiation
  • Moisture sensitivity in packaging
FMEA Triads
Trigger: High operating temperature
Failure: Increased dark current and thermal noise
Mitigation: Implement thermal management (heat sinks, Peltier coolers), operate within specified temperature ranges
Trigger: Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
Failure: Permanent damage to semiconductor junctions
Mitigation: Use ESD protection circuits, proper handling procedures, antistatic packaging
Trigger: Optical overexposure
Failure: Saturation and potential damage to photodiodes
Mitigation: Implement automatic gain control, optical filters, exposure time limitations

Industrial Ecosystem

Compatible With

Typical Suppliers & Equivalents

Compliance & Inspection

Tolerance
±5% spectral response uniformity across array, ±2% linearity deviation
Test Method
ISO 12232 for sensitivity measurement, spectral response testing with monochromator, uniformity testing with calibrated light source

Procurement Evaluation Criteria

A practical evidence checklist for RFQ preparation and supplier evaluation.

Technical documentation
Request current drawings, revision history, and a signed specification sheet.
Manufacturing capability
Verify equipment lists, process limits, capacity, and representative production evidence.
Inspection readiness
Confirm test methods, calibrated equipment, sampling plans, and traceable reports.
Supplier transparency
Check the legal entity, factory address, ownership, certifications, and direct contacts.

CNFX does not score or rank suppliers. Buyers must verify all claims and documents with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Manufacturers of Photodiode Array

Manufacturer profiles associated with Photodiode Array.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between photodiode arrays and CCD/CMOS sensors?

Photodiode arrays are the light-sensitive elements in both CCD and CMOS sensors. CCDs use charge-coupled devices for readout, while CMOS sensors integrate amplification and readout circuits at each pixel. PDAs provide the photodetection function in both architectures.

How does pixel pitch affect image quality?

Smaller pixel pitch increases spatial resolution but reduces light collection area per pixel, potentially decreasing signal-to-noise ratio. Optimal pitch balances resolution requirements with sensitivity needs for specific applications.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records. See the editorial policy.

Preliminary Technical Classification
This page supports structured research, RFQ preparation, and supplier evaluation. It does not replace buyer-led supplier qualification, standards review, or technical approval.

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