Editorial Technical Reference

Centralized control system (the treatment console and control system of a radiotherapy linear accelerator)

The control system of a radiotherapy linear accelerator · treatment console and programmable electronic subsystems under IEC 60601-2-1, two monitor-unit channels and a backup counter, door, collision and gating interlocks checked daily, and the record and verify system that can stop the machine

A radiotherapy linac combines subsystems (beam generation, treatment head, collimators, imaging, couch, gating) run from one control system and console. That system decides what the beam does, when it is allowed to run, and when it must stop. Specify it by the standard it is built to, the interlocks it enforces, how dose delivery is counted twice, and how it exchanges data with the record and verify system, then by the daily checks the physics team will run against it.

Control systems and treatment consoles of medical electron linear accelerators: programmable electronic subsystems, interlocks, monitor-unit counting, gating control and links to record and verify systems, with the daily safety checks run on them. The complete linac is covered on the Medical linear accelerator page; electron guns on the Electron gun for a medical linear accelerator page; patient couches on the Six-degree-of-freedom radiotherapy treatment couch and Radiotherapy patient positioning couch pages.

CNFX editorial research · Sources checked October 12, 2026 · 4 sources

Standards the controls answer to Interlocks and daily checks

Control console with three screens showing block diagrams and trend graphs, a desk with buttons and a red stop button, and an open cabinet below filled with modules and network cabling, with ring-shaped machines on an assembly floor behind glass — Control console and cabinet beside an assembly area

Start with your task

Standards the controls answer toIEC 60601-2-1, IEC 62274. Interlocks and daily checksDoor, collision, gating, MU.

The standards the control system answers to

IEC 60601-2-1:2020 applies to "the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of ELECTRON ACCELERATORS" from 1 MeV to 50 MeV used to treat patients, "including those in which the selection and DISPLAY of TREATMENT PARAMETERS can be controlled automatically by PROGRAMMABLE ELECTRONIC SUBSYSTEMS (PESS)", with type tests and site tests; dose rates covered run from 0.001 to 1 Gy/s at reference treatment distances of 0.5 to 2 m. Its 2020 edition added "computer interface and control" and new technologies including "BEAM GATING" and "ADAPTIVE RADIOTHERAPY". [1]

IEC 62274:2005 covers record and verify systems that provide, define or display treatment machine set-up data, "may control the ability of that equipment to operate", and record data of all treatment sessions. [2]

Standard	What it covers for the control system	Source
IEC 60601-2-1:2020	Safety and essential performance; PESS-controlled parameters; computer interface and control; beam gating; adaptive RT	[1]
IEC 62274:2005	Record and verify systems that set up, may inhibit, and record treatments	[2]

Ask the supplier for the declaration and test reports to IEC 60601-2-1:2020 (not the withdrawn 2009 edition) and for the interface specification to the record and verify system in use.

Interlocks and counters checked every day

The University of Toledo's quality assurance policy, following the AAPM TG-142 report, lists daily safety checks of "Door interlock beam off", door closing safety, audiovisual monitors, the radiation area monitor and the "Beam on indicator", with collision interlocks among the daily imaging checks and backup monitor chamber constancy and a gating interlock among the monthly ones. [3]

A daily QA procedure for TrueBeam with surface-guided gating, published by SGRT.org, has the physicist rotate the couch during a gated field to "Ensure that the beam is automatically turned off due to being out of tolerance", check that "MU1 and MU2 on the Truebeam as well as the backup indicator on the console indicate the full 200 MU was delivered", and "open the door to interrupt the beam" on a door interlock field. [4]

Check	What the control system must do	Source
Door interlock	Stop the beam when the door opens	[3] [4]
Collision interlocks	Stop motion on contact with couch or imager	[3] [4]
Gating interlock	Turn the beam off when the patient is out of tolerance, then resume	[4]
Monitor units	Two MU counters and a backup indicator agree on the delivered MU	[4]
Beam on indicator	Show beam status	[3]

Agree with the supplier which interlocks are hardware and which are software, how each is tested at acceptance and daily, and how interlock events are logged.

Linac control system details

Paste it into your enquiry below or into an email to a maker, then replace every bracket.

Machine: [model; energies; dose rates]
Standards: [IEC 60601-2-1:2020; IEC 62274]
Console: [displays; operator controls]
Monitor units: [channels; backup counter]
Interlocks: [door; collision; gating; others]
Integration: [record and verify; imaging; couch; gating system]
Logging: [interlock and treatment records]
Acceptance: [type and site tests; QA procedures]

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Linac control system sources

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Compiled and source-reviewed by the CNFX editorial team. Each manufacturer above links to the page on that company's own website where the product is listed, with the date we checked it. How we source and review · Page last updated 13 October 2026

Buyer questions

Which standard covers a linac control system?

IEC 60601-2-1:2020, which includes programmable electronic subsystems and added computer interface and control. [1]

Can a record and verify system stop the machine?

IEC 62274 covers record and verify systems that may control the ability of the treatment equipment to operate. [2]

What safety checks are done daily?

The University of Toledo policy lists door interlock beam off, door closing safety, audiovisual monitors, radiation area monitor and beam on indicator. [3]

How is delivered dose double-checked?

The SGRT.org procedure checks that MU1, MU2 and the console backup indicator all show the full delivered MU. [4]

Sources and what still needs a direct check

Sources checked 2026-10-12. The Estonian Centre for Standardisation (EVS) publishes the scopes of IEC 60601-2-1:2020 and IEC 62274:2005; the University of Toledo publishes its megavoltage QA policy; SGRT.org hosts a TrueBeam daily QA procedure.

Still to check yourself

Confirm IEC 60601-2-1:2020 compliance.
Define record and verify interface.
List hardware and software interlocks.
Confirm dual MU counting.
Agree daily QA tests.
Verify the legal supplier and factory.

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