Editorial Technical Reference

Human-Machine Interface

This page explains how Human-Machine Interface is classified within Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing. Technical values and manufacturer relationships are research references; confirm the current specification and supplier evidence for each order.

Technical Definition & Core Assembly

A device or system that allows operators to interact with and control machinery or processes within a control cabinet.

Representative product image. Confirm appearance and specifications with the manufacturer.

Product Specifications

Technical details and manufacturing context for Human-Machine Interface

Definition
A Human-Machine Interface (HMI) is a critical component of a control cabinet that serves as the primary point of interaction between human operators and automated systems. It typically consists of a display screen (touchscreen or with buttons) and input devices, providing real-time visualization of process data, system status, alarms, and control parameters. The HMI enables operators to monitor operations, input commands, adjust setpoints, and respond to system events, facilitating efficient supervision and control of industrial processes. This directory entry covers HMI units designed for integration into control cabinets in machinery and equipment manufacturing. The HMI receives data from various sensors, controllers (like PLCs), and other devices within the control system via communication protocols (e.g., Ethernet/IP, Profinet, Modbus). It processes this data to generate graphical representations, trends, and alerts on its display. User inputs (touches, button presses) are captured, translated into control commands, and sent back to the controllers to execute actions such as starting/stopping machines, adjusting parameters, or acknowledging alarms. Typical specifications include screen sizes from 4.3 to 15 inches, resolutions from 480×272 to 1920×1080 pixels, backlight brightness from 300 to 1000 cd/m², operating temperature range of -20 to 60 °C, storage temperature range of -40 to 70 °C, relative humidity of 10 to 90% non-condensing, protection class from IP54 to IP65 per IEC 60529, input voltage of 24 V DC ±10%, power consumption from 5 to 20 W, processor speeds from 400 MHz to 1.6 GHz, memory from 128 MB to 2 GB, communication ports (Ethernet, RS-232, RS-485, USB) from 1 to 4, and weight from 0.5 to 5 kg. These values are reference ranges and must be verified for the specific model and application. Materials commonly used include polycarbonate or glass touchscreen panels, aluminum or steel enclosures, and electronic components such as PCBs, processors, and memory. Always confirm model-specific specifications and compliance with relevant standards with the legal manufacturer or supplier before procurement.
Working Principle
The HMI receives data from sensors, controllers (like PLCs), and other devices via communication protocols such as Ethernet/IP, Profinet, or Modbus. It processes this data to generate graphical representations, trends, and alerts on its display. User inputs (touches, button presses) are captured, translated into control commands, and sent back to the controllers to execute actions such as starting/stopping machines, adjusting parameters, or acknowledging alarms.
Common Materials
Polycarbonate or glass touchscreen panel, Aluminum or steel enclosure, Electronic components (PCB, processors, memory)
Technical Parameters
ParameterTypical rangeNotes & selection driver
Screen Size4.3–15 inchLarger screens for complex process visualization
Resolution480×272–1920×1080 pixelsHigher resolution for detailed graphics
Backlight Brightness300–1000 cd/m²Higher for outdoor or high ambient light
Operating Temperature-20–60 °CExtended range for industrial environments
Storage Temperature-40–70 °CFor non-operational transport and storage
Relative Humidity10–90 %Non-condensing
Protection ClassIP54–IP65IP65 for washdown or dusty environmentsIEC 60529
Input Voltage24 ±10% V DCWide range for industrial power stability
Power Consumption5–20 WDepends on screen size and brightness
Processor400 MHz–1.6 GHzFaster for complex animations and data logging
Memory128 MB–2 GBMore for large recipes and historical data
Communication Ports1–4 portsIncludes Ethernet, RS-232, RS-485, USB
Weight0.5–5 kgHeavier for larger screens and metal housings

Ranges are indicative industry figures for RFQ preparation, not a supplier commitment. Confirm every value and standard with the legal manufacturer before ordering.

Components / BOM
  • Touchscreen Display
    Provides visual output and accepts touch input from operators
    Material: Glass or polycarbonate with conductive layers
  • Processor Board
    Executes the HMI software, processes data, and manages communications
    Material: Fiberglass PCB with electronic components (CPU, memory)
  • Communication Interface
    Handles data exchange with PLCs, sensors, and other control devices
    Material: Electronic components (Ethernet port, serial ports, protocol chips)
  • Enclosure Part
    Protects internal components from environmental factors and physical damage
    Material: Aluminum or stainless steel
  • Power Supply Unit
    Converts incoming power to appropriate voltages for internal components
    Material: Electronic components (transformers, regulators, capacitors)

Applied To / Applications

This component is essential for the following industrial systems and equipment:

Industrial Ecosystem & Supply Chain Structure

Complementary Systems
Downstream Applications
Specialized Tooling

Application Fit & Sizing Matrix

Operational Limits
pressure: N/A (typically atmospheric within control cabinet)
other spec: IP65/IP67 ingress protection, 24VDC power supply, 10-90% non-condensing humidity
temperature: -20°C to +60°C (operating), -40°C to +70°C (storage)
Media Compatibility
✓ Industrial control cabinets ✓ Process control rooms ✓ Clean manufacturing environments
Unsuitable: Outdoor environments with direct weather exposure or corrosive atmospheres
Sizing Data Required
  • Required display size/resolution
  • Number of I/O points to be monitored/controlled
  • Communication protocol requirements (e.g., Ethernet/IP, Profinet, Modbus)

Reliability & Engineering Risk Analysis

Failure Mode & Root Cause
Touchscreen Degradation
Cause: Mechanical wear from repeated contact, chemical exposure to cleaning agents, or UV light exposure leading to delamination, reduced sensitivity, or dead zones.
Electronic Component Failure
Cause: Thermal cycling causing solder joint fatigue, power surges, or prolonged exposure to high humidity/dust leading to short circuits, corrupted memory, or processor malfunction.
Maintenance Indicators
  • Unresponsive or erratic touch response (e.g., phantom touches, lag, or dead areas)
  • Intermittent display flickering, distortion, or complete blanking during operation
Engineering Tips
  • Implement regular, gentle cleaning with manufacturer-approved, non-abrasive, non-ammonia solutions and soft cloths to prevent screen and seal degradation.
  • Ensure proper environmental controls: maintain stable temperature/humidity within specs, use protective screens/filters against dust and UV light, and install surge protection on power supplies.

Indicative industry ranges for design and RFQ preparation. Confirm the exact figures and applicable standard with the manufacturer before specifying.

Compliance & Manufacturing Standards

Applicable Standards
ISO 9241-210:2019 (Ergonomics of human-system interaction) ANSI/HFES 100-2007 (Human Factors Engineering of Computer Workstations) DIN EN 894-3:2008 (Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators)

Quoted from the published standard.

Manufacturing Precision
  • Touchscreen alignment: +/-0.5mm
  • Button actuation force: 1.5N +/-0.3N
Quality Inspection
  • Usability compliance testing (ISO 9241-11)
  • Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing (IEC 61000-4 series)

Manufacturers of Human-Machine Interface

9 companies list this product among what they make. Company figures are quoted from each company's own website; every card states where the relationship came from.

JOCHAMP
Rui'an, Zhejiang, CN
Founded 2005
CE ISO9001 SGS
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
JASIC Technology Co., Ltd.
Shenzhen, Guangdong, CN
Founded 2005
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Geniatech
Shenzhen, Guangdong, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Hangzhou Fray Tech Co., Ltd.
Hangzhou, Zhejiang, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
HollySys
Beijing, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
TG-EP
Shenzhen, Guangdong, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Wuxi Mochuan Drives Technology Co.,Ltd
Wuxi, Jiangsu, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
Yueqing Yumo Electric Co., Ltd.
Zhejiang, CN
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources
YUEQING YUMO ELECTRIC CO.,LTD
Zhejiang, CN
Also makes: Check Valve, Diaphragm Valve, Butterfly Valve and 9 more
Listed on the company's own website · profile compiled by CNFX from public sources

Manufacturer listings support early research and capability understanding. They are not certification, ranking, or transaction guarantees.

Technical documentation
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Frequently Asked Questions

What communication protocols are commonly supported by HMIs?

HMIs typically support protocols such as Ethernet/IP, Profinet, and Modbus. The exact protocols depend on the model and must be verified with the manufacturer.

What is the typical operating temperature range for an HMI?

The typical operating temperature range is -20 to 60 °C, but this can vary by model. Always check the datasheet for the specific HMI.

Can an HMI be used outdoors?

Some HMIs have higher backlight brightness (up to 1000 cd/m²) and higher protection classes (up to IP65) suitable for outdoor or harsh environments. Verify the specific model's ratings.

How do I choose the right HMI screen size?

Screen size depends on the complexity of the process visualization. Larger screens (up to 15 inches) are suitable for complex processes, while smaller ones (4.3 inches) may suffice for simple applications. Consider the viewing distance and available panel space.

Data Basis

Editorial classification, named public sources where available, and source-reviewed manufacturer records.

Preliminary Technical Classification
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